Diagnostics and Pharmacotherapy for Severe Forms of TB

严重结核病的诊断和药物治疗

• 批准号: 9127086
• 负责人: ERIC R HOUPT
• 金额: $ 67.39万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-15 至 2020-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9127086
• 关键词: Algorithms; Aminoglycosides; Antibodies; Antitubercular Agents; Area; Bangladesh; Caring; Cessation of life; Childhood; Clinical Research; Communicable Diseases; Comorbidity; Consumption; Coupled; Data; Diagnostic; Disease; Dose; Drug Kinetics; Drug resistance; Drug resistance in tuberculosis; Elements; Epidemiology; Ethambutol; Fluoroquinolones; Functional disorder; Funding; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Genes; Geography; Health; Human Resources; Infection; Infectious Diseases Research; Injectable; International; Kanamycin; Laboratories; Lactoferrin; Levaquin; Malabsorption Syndromes; Measures; Meningeal Tuberculosis; Methods; Minimum Inhibitory Concentration measurement; Molecular; Monitor; Multi-Drug Resistance; Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis; Mutation; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Neopterin; Outcome; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacotherapy; Predisposition; Protein C Inhibitor; Pyrazinamide; Relapse; Research; Research Infrastructure; Resistance; Resolution; Resources; Rifampin; Sepsis; Serum; Siberia; Site; Streptomycin; Syndrome; Tanzania; Testing; Time; Training; Treatment Failure; Treatment outcome; Tuberculosis; Uganda; Universities; Virginia; Work; absorption; acquired drug resistance; base; clinically actionable; cohort; curative treatments; isoniazid; melting; molecular diagnostics; mortality; neglect; pathogen; prospective; tuberculosis drugs; tuberculosis treatment

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The vast majority of tuberculosis (TB) cases occur in resource-limited settings and despite potentially curative therapy, deaths from TB outweigh any other single bacterial pathogen. The highest rates of mortality and greatest consumption of resources reside with severe forms of TB disease, including multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB and the neglected disease states of pediatric TB, TB meningitis and TB sepsis. Pharmacokinetic variability (suboptimal circulating drug concentrations) appears increasingly common and is particularly actionable through dose increase but has not been studied in multisite prospective cohorts or for the most severe forms of TB disease. Additionally, conventional drug-susceptibility testing for TB is crude: it uses one concentration of drug and therefore does not allow for quantification of resistance. Our preliminary work suggests quantitative susceptibility will better inform drug choice and can be adapted to fieldable molecular diagnostic platforms to ultimately deliver high-yield, individualized and actionable results for the most burdensome of TB disease. This proposal will unify established collaborators from 4 sites of diverse TB context (Tanzania, Uganda, Bangladesh, Siberia) to strengthen laboratory resources, develop personnel and build research infrastructure to study prospectively the extent and mechanisms of pharmacokinetic variability and M. tuberculosis drug-resistance (MIC) and their dual impact on treatment outcome. Over half of this ICIDR funding goes to the international collaborative sites. This proposal can contribute immediately to regional algorithms of TB treatment and will also build broad capacity for infectious disease molecular diagnostics and field epidemiology.

 描述（由申请人提供）：绝大多数结核病 (TB) 病例发生在资源有限的环境中，尽管可能有治愈性治疗，但结核病造成的死亡人数仍超过任何其他单一细菌病原体，死亡率最高且资源消耗最多的地区是结核病。严重形式的结核病，包括耐多药 (MDR) 结核病和被忽视的儿童结核病、结核性脑膜炎和结核性败血症，药代动力学变异性（循环药物浓度不理想）日益出现。常见，并且通过增加剂量特别可行，但尚未在多地点前瞻性队列或最严重的结核病中进行研究。此外，传统的结核病药物敏感性测试很粗糙：它使用一种药物浓度，因此不允许。我们的初步工作表明，定量敏感性将更好地为药物选择提供信息，并且可以适应可现场使用的分子诊断平台，最终为最严重的结核病提供高产、个性化和可操作的结果。与不同结核病背景的 4 个地点（坦桑尼亚、乌干达、孟加拉国、西伯利亚）建立了合作者，以加强实验室资源、培养人员并建设研究基础设施，以前瞻性地研究药代动力学变异性和结核分枝杆菌耐药性 (MIC) 的程度和机制，以及它们对治疗结果的双重影响。超过一半的 ICIDR 资金将流向国际合作站点。该提案可以立即为结核病治疗的区域算法做出贡献，也将为传染病分子诊断和现场流行病学建立广泛的能力。