IDENTIFICATION AND MOLECULAR BASIS FOR EFFICIENT ANTIFREEZE PROTEIN ENHANCERS

高效抗冻蛋白增强剂的鉴定和分子基础

• 批准号: 9072711
• 负责人: Xin Wen
• 金额: $ 10.95万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-01-01 至 2020-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9072711
• 关键词: Affect; Affinity; Alcohols; Antifreeze; Antifreeze Proteins; Bacteria; Binding; Biochemical; Biological Preservation; Body Fluids; California; Calorimetry; Cell Transplantation; Cells; Characteristics; Chemicals; Cities; Collaborations; Cryopreservation; Cryosurgery; Data; Depressed mood; Development; Divalent Cations; Electrolytes; Electrostatics; Enhancers; Environment; Exhibits; Fishes; Freezing; Frozen Foods; Goals; Growth; High Pressure Liquid Chromatography; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrophobic Interactions; Ice; In Vitro; Insecta; Islet Cell; Kinetics; Lead; Life; Measures; Mechanics; Methods; Molecular; Monovalent Cations; NMR Spectroscopy; Order Coleoptera; Organ Transplantation; Organism; Performance; Physiological; Plants; Play; Process; Property; Research; Role; Salts; Series; Sodium Chloride; Surface; System; Tenebrio; Testing; Thermodynamics; Time; Tissue Transplantation; Titrations; Translating; Water; Work; aqueous; base; biological systems; biophysical techniques; food quality; fungus; islet; macromolecule; melting; molecular mass; public health relevance; small molecule; solute; Affect; Affinity; Alcohols; Antifreeze; Antifreeze Proteins; Bacteria; Binding; Biochemical; Biological Preservation; Body Fluids; California; Calorimetry; Cell Transplantation; Cells; Characteristics; Chemicals; Cities; Collaborations; Cryopreservation; Cryosurgery; Data; Depressed mood; Development; Divalent Cations; Electrolytes; Electrostatics; Enhancers; Environment; Exhibits; Fishes; Freezing; Frozen Foods; Goals; Growth; High Pressure Liquid Chromatography; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrophobic Interactions; Ice; In Vitro; Insecta; Islet Cell; Kinetics; Lead; Life; Measures; Mechanics; Methods; Molecular; Monovalent Cations; NMR Spectroscopy; Order Coleoptera; Organ Transplantation; Organism; Performance; Physiological; Plants; Play; Process; Property; Research; Role; Salts; Series; Sodium Chloride; Surface; System; Tenebrio; Testing; Thermodynamics; Time; Tissue Transplantation; Titrations; Translating; Water; Work; aqueous; base; biological systems; biophysical techniques; food quality; fungus; islet; macromolecule; melting; molecular mass; public health relevance; small molecule; solute

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) are natural antifreeze molecules that have been found in many organisms including fish, insects, plants, bacteria, and fungi. AFPs exhibit great structural diversity, while they are all characterized by their unique ability to depress the freezing point of water without affecting the melting point apparently. The resulting difference between the melting point and the freezing point, referred to as thermal hysteresis (TH), is generally used as a measure of the antifreeze activities of AFPs. AFPs and co-solutes in body-fluids of cold-adapted organisms are responsible for survival in cold environments. Certain small molecule and macromolecule co-solutes can further enhance the antifreeze activity of AFPs, referred to as enhancers, and they usually do not have TH activity, but can bind to AFP through ionic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and/or hydrophobic interactions. AFP-based antifreeze systems (AFP plus enhancer) are much more effective and their uses are more environmentally friendly in comparison to conventional antifreezes, making them intriguing alternatives to conventional antifreezes in particular in biomedical fields. The proposed research will use series of beetle AFP-small molecule enhancer systems, in which small molecule enhancers display a wide range of antifreeze enhancement abilities. We will determine the binding characteristics between AFPs and enhancers using chemical and biophysical approaches in these systems and unravel the AFP-enhancer affinity in highly efficient AFP systems. We will also determine the factors that can affect the binding in the AFP-enhancers systems. The salt effects will be determined. We will optimize these factors in the proposed functional examinations of the AFP-enhancer systems. Quantitative understanding AFP-based antifreeze systems would help unravel survival strategy in cold-adapted organisms and lead to rational development of highly efficient cold preservation, antifreeze systems for practical biomedical applications, such as in preservation solutions for organ, tissue and cell transplantation, cryopreservation, and cryosurgery.

 描述（由应用提供）：抗冻蛋白（AFP）是天然的抗冻分子，在许多生物体中都发现了，包括鱼类，昆虫，植物，细菌和真菌。 AFP揭露了巨大的结构多样性，而它们的特征都以其独特的能力来抑制水的冰点而不影响熔点。熔点和冰点之间的差异（称为热磁滞（Th））通常用作AFPS的防冻剂活性的量度。冷适应生物体的身体流体中的AFP和共晶负责在寒冷的环境中生存。某些小分子和大分子共糖可以进一步增强AFP的抗冻活性，称为增强子，通常没有TH活性，但可以通过离子相互作用，氢键，/或疏水性相互作用与AFP结合。基于AFP的防冻系统（AFP Plus增强剂）更有效，与常规防冻剂相比，它们的使用更加环保，这使它们是在生物医学领域中特别是传统的防冻剂的替代品。拟议的研究将使用一系列甲虫AFP-SMALL分子增强剂，其中小分子增强剂具有广泛的防冻剂增强能力。我们将使用这些系统中的化学和生物物理方法来确定AFP和增强子之间的结合特性，并在高效的AFP系统中揭示AFP-Enhancer亲和力。我们还将确定可能影响AFP-Enhancer系统中结合的因素。将确定盐效应。我们将在AFP-Enhancer系统的拟议功能检查中优化这些因素。定量理解基于AFP的防冻系统将有助于揭开冷适应生物体的生存策略，并导致高效的冷冻保存，用于实用生物医学应用的防冻剂系统的理性发展，例如用于器官，组织和细胞移植，冷冻保存和哭泣的器官，组织和细胞的制备解决方案。