P187 - MULTIPLY EXPOSED VAGINALLY, UNINFECTED MACAQUE MODEL

P187 - 多重暴露阴道、未感染的猕猴模型

• 批准号: 8942184
• 负责人: Ronald S. Veazey
• 金额: $ 5.72万
• 依托单位: TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2015-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8942184
• 关键词: AIDS Vaccines; AIDS vaccine development; Advanced Development; Award; Clinical; Complement; Contracts; Development; Evaluation Studies; Exposure to; Funding; Genes; Genetic; Grant; HIV; HIV vaccine; HIV-1; Immune; Immunologic Factors; Individual; Infection; Investigator-Initiated Research; Local Microbicides; Macaca; Modality; Modeling; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease; Persons; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Reporting; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resistance to infection; Resources; SIV; Time; Vaccine Design; Vaccine Research; Vaccines; base; nonhuman primate; pre-clinical; preclinical evaluation; preclinical study; programs; simian human immunodeficiency virus; transmission process; vaccine candidate; vaccine evaluation

The development of HIV vaccines and other prevention strategies relies on the use of nonhuman primates in preclinical studies to advance the development of effective AIDS vaccine candidates and to advance development of effective topical microbicides and other prevention modalities or immune-based therapies. The NIAID Simian Vaccine Evaluation Unit (SVEU) contracts shall provide nonhuman primate resources that primarily support preclinical evaluation of AIDS vaccines. The SVEUs conduct studies in support of vaccines being developed by a wide range of investigators. These studies complement NIAID-supported basic vaccine research and vaccine evaluation studies funded through R01 (investigator-initiated research) grants, HIVRAD (HIV Vaccine Research and Design Program) grants, IPCAVD (Integrated Preclinical-Clinical AIDS Vaccine Development) grants, and NHP Consortium awards. The SVEUs also perform studies of candidate vaccines offered by companies or other researchers. Exposure to the human Immunodeficiency virus -1 (HIV-1) does not always result in infection. Indeed there are reports of multiply, HIV-exposed seronegative (HESN) persons who remain uninfected. Thus far, only one determinant has been found to be associated with protection, the presence of the CCR5Δ32 gene in some individuals. Other factors to explain the lack of infection have not been satisfactorily demonstrated. Consistent with the finding of HESNs, nonhuman primates challenged multiple times with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), but remaining uninfected, are commonly observed. Therefore, the nonhuman primate continues to be the best model in which to examine potential genetic and immunologic factors that contribute to resistance of infection. Understanding the mechanism(s) and defining the correlate(s) of protection would have a major impact on HIV transmission.

艾滋病毒疫苗和其他预防策略的开发依赖于在临床前研究中使用非人类灵长类动物，以推动有效的艾滋病疫苗候选物的开发，并促进有效的局部局部杀菌剂和其他预防态度或基于免疫的疗法的开发。 NIAID SIMIAN疫苗评估单位（SVEU）合同应提供非人类灵长类动物资源，主要支持艾滋病疫苗的临床前评估。 SVEUS进行研究，以支持广泛研究者开发的疫苗。这些研究补充了通过R01（研究人员发起的研究）资助的NIAID支持的基本疫苗研究和疫苗评估研究，HIVRAD（HIV疫苗研究与设计计划）Grants，IPCAVD（综合临床前链式辅助疫苗开发）GRANTS和NHP CONCORTIUM ACHADARDS。 SVEU还对公司或其他研究人员提供的候选疫苗进行研究。暴露于人类免疫缺陷病毒-1（HIV -1）并不总是导致感染。确实，有报道说，艾滋病毒暴露的血清传染性（HES）患者尚未感染。在某些个体中，只有一个确定剂与保护相关，CCR5Δ32基因的存在。解释缺乏感染的其他因素尚未得到满足。与HESN的发现一致，通常观察到非人类灵长类动物多次挑战多次，但通常观察到未感染的。因此，非人类灵长类动物仍然是检查有助于感染抗性的潜在遗传和免疫学因素的最佳模型。了解保护的机制和定义保护的相关性将对HIV传播产生重大影响。