Functional Assessment using a Virtual Environment

使用虚拟环境进行功能评估

• 批准号: 8833961
• 负责人: Amy Eschman
• 金额: $ 22.45万
• 依托单位: PSYCHOLOGY SOFTWARE TOOLS, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-02-15 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8833961
• 关键词: Activities of Daily Living; Address; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Area; Attention; Behavior; Characteristics; Clinic; Cognition Disorders; Cognitive; Collaborations; Complex; Computer Simulation; Computers; Data; Data Collection; Dementia; Deterioration; Diagnosis; Early Diagnosis; Effectiveness; Elderly; Elements; Environment; Evaluation; Eye; Facial Expression; Failure; Feedback; Fingers; Focus Groups; Functional disorder; Galaxy; Goals; Heating; Household; Imagery; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Independent Living; Individual; Individual Differences; Intention; Life; Literature; Long-Term Care; Maps; Marketing; Measurement; Measures; Mediation; Medicare; Medication Management; Methods; Modification; Occupational activity of managing finances; Outcome; Participant; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Pilot Projects; Published Comment; Questionnaires; Reaction Time; Regimen; Rehabilitation therapy; Relative (related person); Research Personnel; Running; Scanning; Specialist; Specific qualifier value; Stream; Stress Tests; System; Tablets; Technology; Telephone; Testing; Therapeutic Intervention; Time; Touch sensation; Transportation; Travel; Video Recording; age group; base; cognitive load; cost; design; functional decline; functional status; gaze; handheld mobile device; improved; informant; innovation; instrumental activity of daily living; interest; iterative design; mild cognitive impairment; millisecond; novel; public health relevance; response; sample fixation; satisfaction; simulation; skills; task analysis; tool; usability; virtual; virtual reality

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This phase I project will develop a computer-based tool for the functional assessment of higher level instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) using simulated activities in a virtual environment (VE). IADLs are the high level activities such as managing finances and complex medication regimens and successfully negotiating novel or new situations that are necessary for fully independent living and which can be compromised by cognitive impairment in older individuals. Indeed, ability to conduct one's usual and typical ADLs is the sine qua non of successful aging. It is frequently the basis for determining whether an older individual is able to live independently and is a core criterion for the diagnosis of dementi. However, valid and reliable measurement of IADLs is difficult. Many existing scales were designed for use with patients with known cognitive impairment and focus on basic activities that are not sensitive to the decline in higher level behaviors that begins well before a dementia diagnosis is made. Most are based on an informant's or the individual's own rating of their abilities. Such an approach has the problem that, for a variety of reasons, individuals and informants may over- or under-rate the person's skills. The range of possible scores is also often limited. Virtual reality using computer simulated environments is an obvious vehicle for the reliable assessment of a range of functional activities. The ultimate goal is to use virtual environment technology to develop a tool that will accurately measure performance across a range of high level functional tasks in older individuals with very mild dysfunction. The proposed tool, Functional Assessment using a Virtual Environment (FAVE), will offer five environments across a range of difficulty. The FAVE tasks (telephone use, medication management, managing finance, household activities and travel using public transportation) have been identified in the literature as activities that are both crucial for independent living and susceptble to subtle impairment. In Phase I, we will use a task analysis approach to prepare scripts and story boards for each scenario, submitting them to a focus group of experts for comments and, if necessary, modification. Two virtual environment scenarios will be implemented using the Unity 3D cross platform game engine. Tasks will be executed on tablet based mobile devices (iPad, Galaxy Tab). The participant will interact with the tablet via a stylus or finger touch with responses accurately time stamped (milliseconds). Eye-tracking and facial expression data will be collected and analyzed during the entire test session. The completed scenarios will be reviewed by expert focus groups and piloted on 10 normal older individuals and 10 persons with mild cognitive impairment to determine the ability of FAVE to detect subtle difficulties in IADLs and identify any necessary changes. In Phase II any final changes would be made before implementation in final product which will be validate in an extensive study comparing FAVE results against actual performance in a large number of subjects.

 描述（由应用程序提供）：本I阶段项目将开发一种基于计算机的工具，用于使用虚拟环境（VE）中的模拟活动来评估日常生活（IADL）的更高级别的乐器活动（IADLS）。 IADL是高水平的活动，例如管理财务和复杂的药物方案，并成功地谈判了完全独立的生活所必需的新颖或新情况，并且可能因老年人认知障碍而损害。确实，进行平时和典型的ADL的能力是成功衰老的正弦。它通常是确定老年人是否能够独立生活的基础，并且是痴呆症诊断的核心标准。但是，很难对IADL的有效和可靠的测量。许多现有的量表都是为了与已知认知障碍的患者一起使用，并专注于对痴呆诊断诊断之前较高水平行为的下降不敏感的基本活动。大多数基于线人或个人自己能力的评级。这样的方法存在一个问题，即出于多种原因，个人和线人可能会超越或低估该人的技能。可能的分数范围也通常受到限制。使用计算机模拟环境的虚拟现实是最终目标的显而易见的工具是使用虚拟环境技术开发一种工具，该工具将准确地测量具有非常轻微功能障碍的老年人的一系列高级功能任务。提出的工具，即使用虚拟环境（FAVE）的功能评估，将为各种难度提供五个环境。文献中已经确定了最喜欢的任务（电话使用，药物管理，管理金融，家庭活动和使用公共交通的旅行）是对独立生活至关重要的活动，并且容易受到微妙的损害。在第一阶段，我们将使用任务分析方法为每种情况准备脚本和故事板，将其提交给专家的焦点小组以进行评论，并在必要时进行修改。将使用Unity 3D跨平台游戏引擎实施两个虚拟环境方案。任务将在基于平板电脑的移动设备（iPad，Galaxy Tab）上执行。参与者将通过手写笔或手指触摸与平板电脑进行互动，并与响应准确地盖章（毫秒）。在整个测试过程中，将收集和分析眼睛跟踪和面部表达数据。完整的方案将由专家焦点小组进行审查，并试行10名普通的老年人和10人具有轻度认知障碍的人，以确定最爱发现IADL中微妙困难并确定任何必要的变化的能力。在第二阶段，将在最终产品中实施之前进行任何最终更改，这将在一项广泛的研究中被验证，将最爱结果与大量受试者的实际绩效进行比较。