Project 2: Water & Dietary Arsenic Exposure Related to Early Growth &Neurodevelo

项目2：水

基本信息

批准号：
8890327
负责人：
Kathryn Linn Cottingham
金额：
$ 2万
依托单位：
DARTMOUTH COLLEGE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-07-21 至 2018-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8890327
关键词：
5 year old Achievement Adult Adverse effects Age Arsenic Attention Behavioral Biological Markers Birth Body mass index Chickens Child Child Development Child health care Childhood Chronic Cognitive Comprehension Consumption Data Development Diet Diet Habits Dietary Arsenic Dietary Assessment Dietary Practices Dose Eating Environmental Health Environmental Pollution Exposure to Food Food Safety Fruit Growth Growth and Development function Guidelines Health Height Household Impairment Individual Infant Intake Learning Length Life Malignant Neoplasms Malnutrition Measures Memory Metabolic syndrome Motor Motor Skills Neurologic New Hampshire Obesity Outcome Pathway interactions Pattern Perinatal Exposure Placenta Policies Population Population Study Pregnant Women Prevention Research Productivity Publishing Recruitment Activity Research Research Support Rice Risk Risk Factors Role Route Schools Skinfold Thickness Source Structure of nail of toe Time Toxicant exposure Triceps Brachii Muscle Urine Water Weight base cancer risk cognitive function cohort critical period disorder prevention drinking water early childhood early life exposure executive function fetal improved in utero innovation neurobehavioral neurodevelopment prenatal skills urinary waist circumference

项目摘要

Exposure to high doses of arsenic-contaminated drinking water has been shown to have a significant adverse impact on prenatal growth and childhood cognitive development. Much less is known about the child health effects of the lower doses of arsenic exposure typical of U:S. populations despite evidence of adverse effects such as increased cancer risk at such levels in adults. Recent research suggests that diet may be the most significant source of exposure to arsenic for the general U.S. population, particularly children. Understanding the roles of diet and water as sources of arsenic is vital to assessing exposure risk especially in young children for whom developmental toxicant exposure can be highly deleterious. The New Hampshire Birth Cohort (NHBC) recruits from a population where about 15% of households have private wells with arsenic concentrations above the current maximum contaminant level of 10 pg/L. Thus, it provides a unique opportunity to evaluate early childhood arsenic exposure via drinking water and diet and to quantify physical growth and neurodevelopmental effects of such exposure. To characterize early childhood arsenic intake, we will combine consumption data from repeated dietary assessments with arsenic concentrations measured in each child's drinking water and foods. We will then explore how intake through water and diet are associated with urinary and toenail biomarkers of arsenic exposure. These arsenic biomarkers will then be evaluated for their association with altered growth (weight, length/height), and adiposity (body mass index, waist circumference, skinfold thicknesses) during the first five years of life, as well as impairment in behavioral skills and executive function at ages 3 and 5 years, and decrements in cognitive ability and motor proficiency at age 5 years, all neurodevelopment skills for which prior research supports likely arsenic sensitivity. The in utero and early childhood periods are windows of heightened vulnerability to environmental contaminants because of lower body mass and rapid development. Children also have specific dietary patterns that often include foods high in arsenic, especially rice and rice-based products. This innovative project will combine detailed longitudinal assessment of arsenic exposure and growth and neurological development to better understand critical children's health impacts of this common contaminant.

暴露于高剂量的砷污染的饮用水中，已显示出对产前生长和儿童认知发展的严重不利影响。对于u：s的典型砷暴露的儿童健康效应知之甚少。人口尽管有不良反应的证据，例如在成年人中这种水平上的癌症风险增加。最近的研究表明，饮食可能是美国普通人群（尤其是儿童）最重要的砷暴露来源。将饮食和水作为砷的来源的作用对于评估暴露风险至关重要，尤其是在幼儿中，发育中有毒的暴露可能是有害的。新罕布什尔州出生队列（NHBC）从人口招募的新罕布什尔州招募大约15％的家庭的私人井，砷浓度高于当前最大污染物水平为10 pg/l。因此，它提供了一个独特的机会，可以通过饮用水和饮食评估儿童早期的砷暴露，并量化这种暴露的身体生长和神经发育影响。为了表征儿童早期的砷摄入量，我们将将反复饮食评估的消费数据与每个孩子的饮用水和食物中测得的砷浓度结合在一起。然后，我们将探索通过水和饮食的摄入量与砷暴露的尿和脚趾甲生物标志物有关。 These arsenic biomarkers will then be evaluated for their association with altered growth (weight, length/height), and adiposity (body mass index, waist circumference, skinfold thicknesses) during the first five years of life, as well as impairment in behavioral skills and executive function at ages 3 and 5 years, and decrements in cognitive ability and motor proficiency at age 5 years, all neurodevelopment skills for which prior research supports likely arsenic灵敏度。在子宫内和幼儿时期，由于体重较低和快速发育，其易受到环境污染物的脆弱性。儿童还具有特定的饮食模式，通常包括砷含量高的食物，尤其是大米和水稻的产品。这个创新的项目将结合对砷暴露和生长和神经科学的详细纵向评估，以更好地了解这种常见污染物的关键儿童对健康的健康影响。