Social Connections and Health among Older Adults Living in Low-income Housing

生活在低收入住房中的老年人的社会联系和健康

• 批准号: 9986597
• 负责人: Thomas Kofi Mensah Cudjoe
• 金额: $ 12.28万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-01 至 2023-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9986597
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Aging; American; Area; Award; Baltimore; Characteristics; Chronic; Communities; Data; Development; Elderly; Epidemiology; Equipment and supply inventories; Focus Groups; Fostering; Foundations; Frequencies; Future; Geography; Goals; Health; Heart failure; Housing; Hypertension; Impaired cognition; Income; Infrastructure; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Low income; Medicare; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award; Methods; Morbidity - disease rate; National Institute on Aging; Perception; Personal Satisfaction; Phase; Population; Process; Reaction; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk Factors; Savings; Services; Smoking; Social Network; Social isolation; Structure; Time; Treatment Efficacy; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; aged; base; career development; cohort; community engagement; experience; improved; intervention mapping; metropolitan; mortality; physical conditioning; preference; sedentary lifestyle; social; sociodemographics; therapy development

Project Summary/Abstract Social isolation exists when one has limited social connections. Approximately 1 in 4 older adults are socially isolated. Social isolation is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality comparable to well-established risk factors including smoking, hypertension, and a sedentary lifestyle. Older adults with limited social connections account for an estimated additional $6.7 billion dollars in annual Medicare spending. Low income older adults have two times the odds of experiencing social isolation compared to those with higher incomes. Amidst current aging projections and reports that the current cohort of older Americans have high debt and insufficient savings, the demand for low income housing has increased. Despite epidemiologic evidence demonstrating the deleterious effects of limited social connections on health, gaps exist in our knowledge regarding the best solutions to address this problem. Focusing on social connections to improve the physical and mental health of older adults who live in low income housing is an important area of study. We will use qualitative and quantitative methods to increase our understanding of the factors that affect the social connections of this population. We propose the following specific aims: Aim 1A. To characterize the social connections of older adults who live in low income housing, utilizing social network inventory interviews. We will identify the frequency, function, and relationships that can be targeted in an intervention that focuses on social connections to improve the physical and mental health of older adults who live in low income housing. Aim 1B. To explore the perspectives of older adults who live in low income housing regarding their preferences for social connections, the factors that influence their social connections and its impact on physical and mental health. We will conduct semi- structured interviews to explore the following perspectives: 1) preferences for social connections, 2) facilitators and barriers to social connections, 3) resources that impact social connections, 4) perceptions regarding social connections impact on physical and mental health, and 5) perspectives regarding the acceptability of different interventions. Aim 2. To explore the perspectives of local low income housing stakeholders on social connections and the feasibility of an intervention to improve the social connections of older adults. We will convene 3-4 focus groups with low income housing stakeholders (e.g. service coordinators) to explore perspectives regarding existing approaches to identify and address social isolation in this population and elicit reactions on the feasibility of several community based intervention ideas. Accomplishing these aims will provide the foundation for future work that advances our understanding of the health of older adults who live in low income housing and facilitate the development of an intervention that focuses on social connections to improve the physical and mental health. This proposal will support the career development of the candidate, who aims to become an independent clinician investigator focused on developing, implementing, and evaluating community based interventions that improve the health of low income older adults.

项目概要/摘要 当一个人的社会联系有限时，就会出现社会孤立。大约四分之一的老年人在社交方面 孤立。与公认的风险因素相比，社会隔离是发病率和死亡率的一个风险因素 包括吸烟、高血压和久坐的生活方式。社交关系有限的老年人帐户 预计年度医疗保险支出将增加 67 亿美元。低收入老年人有两个 与高收入者相比，经历社会孤立的几率高出一倍。在当前的老龄化背景下 预测和报告显示，当前美国老年人群体负债高且储蓄不足， 对低收入住房的需求有所增加。尽管流行病学证据表明有害 有限的社会联系对健康的影响，我们对最佳解决方案的了解存在差距 解决这个问题。注重社会联系，改善老年人的身心健康 居住在低收入住房中的人是一个重要的研究领域。我们将使用定性和定量方法 增加我们对影响该人群社会关系的因素的了解。我们建议 具体目标如下： 目标1A。描述生活在低收入地区的老年人的社会关系 收入住房，利用社交网络库存访谈。我们将确定频率、功能和 可以针对以社会联系为重点的干预措施的目标，以改善身体状况 居住在低收入住房中的老年人的心理健康。目标 1B。探索前辈的观点 居住在低收入住房中的成年人对社会关系的偏好、影响因素 影响他们的社会关系及其对身心健康的影响。我们将进行半 结构化访谈探讨以下观点：1) 对社交关系的偏好，2) 促进者 社会联系的障碍，3) 影响社会联系的资源，4) 对社会的看法 联系对身心健康的影响，以及 5) 关于不同事物可接受性的观点 干预措施。目标 2. 探讨当地低收入住房利益相关者对社会问题的看法 联系以及改善老年人社会联系的干预措施的可行性。我们将 召集 3-4 个低收入住房利益相关者（例如服务协调员）焦点小组进行探讨 关于现有方法的观点，以识别和解决该人群的社会隔离问题并引发 对几种基于社区的干预想法的可行性的反应。实现这些目标将 为未来的工作奠定基础，加深我们对居住在老年人健康状况的了解 低收入住房并促进制定以社会联系为重点的干预措施 改善身心健康。该提案将支持候选人的职业发展， 他的目标是成为一名独立的临床研究者，专注于开发、实施和 评估改善低收入老年人健康的社区干预措施。