Linking language and cognition in infancy: Entry points and developmental change

将婴儿期的语言和认知联系起来：切入点和发展变化

• 批准号: 8861876
• 负责人: SANDRA R WAXMAN
• 金额: $ 41.52万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-04-08 至 2020-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8861876
• 关键词: Address; Age-Months; Basic Science; Birds; Categories; Code; Cognition; Cognitive; Complex; Concept Formation; Cues; Development; Early identification; Employee Strikes; Endowment; Environment; Evolution; Exposure to; Eye; Foundations; Hearing; Human; Impairment; Infant; Intervention; Intuition; Language; Language Delays; Language Development; Learning; Lemurs; Life; Light; Linguistics; Link; Madagascar; Mind; Primates; Process; Recruitment Activity; Research; Role; Series; Services; Shapes; Sign Language; Signal Transduction; Stimulus; System; To specify; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; base; cognitive development; cognitive process; design; experience; flexibility; forging; gaze; infancy; insight; nonhuman primate; programs; public health relevance; response; social; sound; vocalization

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): NIH - Linking language and cognition in infancy: Entry points and developmental change this proposal addresses fundamental issues of early language and conceptual development, and forges a precise link between them in infants' first year of life. Infants live in an enormously rich environment. Each day, they encounter new objects, while listening to a rich repertoire of sounds, including the sounds of their language. Amidst this richness, infants must identify the sounds of their native language and discover how these are linked to the world around them. Even before infants begin to speak, they identify the sounds of their language and link them to foundations of meaning. By 3 months of age, language supports infants' ability to form object categories. Initially, this link between language and cognition is quite broad: vocalizations of both human and non-human primates promote the formation of object categories. By 6 months, this link is tuned specifically to human vocalizations. The current proposal is designed to specify the scope of infants' initial link and t trace how it unfolds over the first year. Recruiting state-of-the-art analyses, this proposal will illuminate the developmental path infants take as they narrow in on the communicative signals of their species and link these signals to the foundations of meaning. Series I is designed to identify the range of signals that initially promote object categorization in human infants and how these are tuned over the first year. The studies examine infants' responses to vocalizations produced by human and non-human primates, mammals and birds, and also to manually-produced signals of sign language (ASL). Series II is designed to uncover how (and when) infants' exposure to language and other signals in the environment shapes the very possibility that they will link these signals to cognition. The studies, which examine infants' plasticity, wil pinpoint critical developmental windows for promoting language and conceptual development in all infants. Series III is designed to identify how infants come to interpret a signal (spoken or signed) as communicative. Taking infants' exquisite sensitivity to social cues (e.g., eye gaze) as a starting point, the studies consider whether infants interpret any signal (e.g., a tone sequence) as communicative if it is embedded within a rich communicative exchange. Humans are uniquely endowed with a natural capacity to build complex, flexible and creative systems of language and thought. This proposal, which forges a precise link between these systems, has far-reaching theoretical and practical implications. The proposed project broadens significantly the empirical and theoretical foundations of current research, and provides a window into the origins and evolution of infants' earliest links between conceptual and linguistic development. This work underscores the vital interaction between infants' natural endowments and the shaping role of the environment. It also builds a strong foundation for identifying infants with language delay or impairment, and serves as a springboard for designing targeted interventions to bolster their language and cognition.

 描述（由申请人证明）：NIH的语言和婴儿的认知：入口点和发育变化是早期语言和概念发展的心理，并在婴儿的第一个中建立了它们的精确联系在这种丰富的情况下，婴儿必须确定语言的声音，并发现它们是如何联系到他们周围的世界的。类别。 and cognition is quite broad: vocalizations of both human and non-human primates promote the formation of object categories. By 6 months, this link is tuned specifically to human vocalizations. The current proposal is designed to specify the scope of infants' initial link and t trace how it unfolds over the first year. Recruiting state-of-the-art analyses, this proposal will illuminate the developmental path infants take as they narrow in on the communicative signals of their species and link these signals to the foundations of meaning. Series I is designed to identify the range of signals that initially promote object categorization in human infants and how 在第一年进行了调查。语言和其他签名将这些信号与认知的可能性联系起来。 （口语或签名）作为对社交线索的沟通（例如，眼睛目光）作为起点，研究是否要解释任何信号（例如，音调序列） 作为交流，如果它嵌入了丰富的交流交流和富有创造力的语言系统中。概念和语言发展之间的起源和最早的联系。