Cortical mechanisms mediating visual function and behavior

介导视觉功能和行为的皮质机制

• 批准号: 8761959
• 负责人: Nicholas J Priebe
• 金额: $ 38.63万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-01 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8761959
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Animals; Area; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Cells; Data; Decision Making; Detection; Environment; Goals; Individual; Laboratories; Link; Location; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Membrane Potentials; Metals; Methods; Microelectrodes; Monkeys; Motor; Neurons; Output; Perception; Performance; Photic Stimulation; Population; Primates; Process; Records; Relative (related person); Reporting; Resistance; Saccades; Sensory; Sensory Process; Shapes; Source; Stimulus; Synapses; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; V1 neuron; Variant; Vision; Visual; Visual Perception; Visual attention; alertness; area striata; attentional modulation; awake; base; insight; microstimulation; neural circuit; neuromechanism; novel; presynaptic; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sensory cortex; visual stimulus; visual threshold; Accounting; Address; Animals; Area; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Cells; Data; Decision Making; Detection; Environment; Goals; Individual; Laboratories; Link; Location; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Membrane Potentials; Metals; Methods; Microelectrodes; Monkeys; Motor; Neurons; Output; Perception; Performance; Photic Stimulation; Population; Primates; Process; Records; Relative (related person); Reporting; Resistance; Saccades; Sensory; Sensory Process; Shapes; Source; Stimulus; Synapses; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; V1 neuron; Variant; Vision; Visual; Visual Perception; Visual attention; alertness; area striata; attentional modulation; awake; base; insight; microstimulation; neural circuit; neuromechanism; novel; presynaptic; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sensory cortex; visual stimulus; visual threshold

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Over the past four decades, intracellular recordings from sensory cortex of anesthetized animals have made major contributions to our understanding of cortical processing, providing a window into the synaptic inputs that shape spiking responses of individual cortical neurons. To date, however, intracellular recording has not been applied in awake, behaving primates. By combining the unique expertise from our two laboratories, we have recently developed novel techniques that allow us to conduct, on a routine basis, reliable, whole-cell intracellular recordings in primary visual cortex (V1) of awake, behaving monkeys. For the first time, we have access to both subthreshold (membrane potentials representing input) and suprathreshold (spikes representing output) responses of individual cortical neurons, while also utilizing the precise control of visual stimulation and the subject's behavioral state afforded by behaving primates. Our ability to perform intracellular recordings in awake, behaving primates opens the door to addressing two fundamental questions with respect to the circuit-level mechanisms that mediate visual perception: (1) what is the relationship between sub- and supra-threshold activity of single cortical neurons and perceptual decisions, and (2) what are the underlying mechanisms of top-down attentional modulations in sensory cortex. To address these questions, we will first study the quantitative relationship between variability in sub- and suprathreshold responses of single V1 neurons and variability in perceptual decisions of monkeys performing a demanding visual detection task (Aim 1). In Aim 2, we will examine how sub- and suprathreshold responses are altered by changing the attentional state under which the stimulus is presented. We present preliminary data demonstrating that these recordings are not only technically feasible, but are also able to provide important and unique insights into the cellular and circuit-level mechanisms that mediate cortical sensory processing.

描述（由申请人提供）：在过去的四十年中，麻醉动物的感觉皮层的细胞内记录为我们对皮质加工的理解做出了重大贡献，为窗口提供了一个窗口，以形成单个皮质神经元的尖峰响应的突触输入。然而，迄今为止，尚未在清醒中应用细胞内记录。通过结合两个实验室的独特专业知识，我们最近开发了新颖的技术，使我们可以在常规的基础上进行可靠的，全细胞内记录，以醒来的醒目，表现为猴子。我们第一次可以访问各个皮质神经元的子阈值（代表输入的膜电位）和上端（代表输出的尖峰），同时还利用了视觉刺激的精确控制和 行为灵长类动物提供的行为状态。我们在清醒中执行细胞内记录的能力，表现灵长类动物为解决介导视觉感知的电路级机制解决了两个基本问题：（1）单个皮质神经元和感知性决策的子和上端的活动之间的关系是什么，以及（2）在层面上是什么机制，以及（2）topsections机制。为了解决这些问题，我们将首先研究单个V1神经元的子和距离响应中的可变性与执行苛刻的视觉检测任务的猴子知觉决策的可变性之间的变异性之间的定量关系（AIM 1）。在AIM 2中，我们将通过更改提出刺激的注意状态来研究子和距离质量反应如何改变。我们提供了初步数据，表明这些记录不仅在技术上是可行的，而且还能够为介导皮质感觉处理的细胞和电路级机制提供重要和独特的见解。