Physical Activity Impacts of a Planned Activity-Friendly Community: The What, Where, When and Why of Environmental Approaches to Obesity Prevention

有计划的活动友好型社区的体育活动影响：预防肥胖的环境方法的内容、地点、时间和原因

• 批准号: 8948890
• 负责人: Chanam Lee
• 金额: $ 57.97万
• 依托单位: TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCE CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-25 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8948890
• 关键词: 5 year old; Adult; Affect; Attitude; Base Pairing; Behavior; Body Composition; Case-Control Studies; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Chronic; Communities; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Demographic Factors; Diabetes Mellitus; Environment; Environmental Policy; Environmental Risk Factor; Feedback; Gender; Geographic Information Systems; Goals; Guidelines; Health; Heart Diseases; Home environment; Individual; Interdisciplinary Study; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Lead; Life; Life Style; Longitudinal Studies; Malignant Neoplasms; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Modeling; Natural experiment; Obesity; Outcome; Participant; Pattern; Physical activity; Physical environment; Policies; Population; Positioning Attribute; Psychosocial Factor; Research; Risk Factors; Surveys; System; Testing; Time; To specify; Walking; Water; Weight; Work; base; behavior change; density; design; environmental change; experience; follow-up; improved; information system analysis; innovation; insight; land use; meetings; obesity prevention; prevent; public health relevance; sedentary

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Physical activity (PA) helps prevent obesity and reduce chronic conditions such as cancer, diabetes, and heart disease, and can be promoted through environmental/policy interventions at the population level. However, existing empirical knowledge on environment-PA relationships is primarily based on cross-sectional studies, which provide insufficient control of extraneous factors for investigating causal relationships. Further, little is known about how environmental factors affect spatial (where) and temporal (when) patterns of PA and the underlying mechanisms (why) of such impacts, including potential mediating effects of the psychosocial factors. The objective of this longitudinal, case-comparison study is to examine both short-term and long-term changes in PA after residents move to an activity-friendly community (AFC). It utilizes a unique and fleeting opportunity with ~3000 new homes being built in a large planned AFC over the next ~3 years. The focus is on those who are currently sedentary or insufficiently active and living in an environment lacking support for PA. Case participants (n~350) are those adults moving from non-AFCs to this AFC and not meeting the CDC guidelines for PA at pre-move baseline. Each case participant will be matched based on gender and age (±5 years) with a comparison participant who lives in his/her pre-move non-AFC, is also sedentary or insufficiently active, and is not planning to move for at least two years (this project's follow-up measurement period). The specific aims of this proposed study are to (1) examine the short-term and long-term changes in total PA levels (weekly minutes) and in spatial and temporal patterns of PA (proportion of PA taking place within the community, proportion of walking out of total PA, and level of PA integration into daily routines), after sedentary or insufficiently active individuals move from non-AFCs to an AFC; and (2) determine what built and natural environmental factors (e.g. density, land uses, sidewalks, trails/paths, parks, water features) lead to changes in PA among these populations, either directly or indirectly by affecting psychosocial factors related to PA. Using this timely opportuniy to gain longitudinal assessments for this natural experiment is of critical importance to advancing the status of knowledge on the intersection of health and place as it relates to promoting PA. The interdisciplinary research team has extensive experiences on this topic and in this study community through pilot work. At the conclusion of this study, we will have identified stronger evidence supporting the impact of an AFC on population-level behavior changes toward more physically active lifestyles (short-term goal) and toward lessening the burden of obesity throughout the nation (long-term goal).

 描述（由适用提供）：体育活动（PA）有助于预防肥胖症并减少慢性病，例如癌症，糖尿病和心脏病，并可以通过人群水平的环境/政策干预来促进。但是，现有关于环境PA关系的经验知识主要基于横截面研究，这些研究提供了对研究灾难性关系的无关因素的控制。更远， 对于环境因素如何影响PA的空间（暂时）和临时（何时）模式以及这种影响的基本机制（为什么），包括社会心理因素的潜在介导作用，知之甚少。这项纵向，病例比较研究的目的是检查居民转移到活动友好型社区（AFC）后，PA的短期和长期变化。它利用了一个独特而短暂的机会，在接下来的3年中，大型计划中的AFC建造了约3000套新房屋。重点是那些目前久坐或不足以活跃并生活在缺乏PA的环境中的人。案例参与者（n〜350）是那些从非AFC转移到此AFC的成年人，并且不符合PE-MOVE基线的PA的CDC指南。每个案例参与者将根据性别和年龄（±5岁）与生活在他/她的非AFC中的比较参与者进行匹配，也是久坐或不足的活动，并且不打算至少两年（该项目的后续测量期）。这项拟议的研究的具体目的是（1）检查总PA水平（每周分钟）以及PA的空间和临时模式的短期和长期变化（PA的比例发生在社区内，从总PA的总比例，PA的整合水平的比例），以及每日例行程序中的水平），， 久坐或不足活跃的个体从非AFC转移到AFC之后； （2）确定哪些建筑和自然环境因素（例如密度，土地用途，人行道，小径/路径，公园，水特征）导致这些人群中PA的变化，无论是通过影响与PA相关的社会心理因素而直接或间接地。利用这个及时的机会为这项自然实验获得纵向评估，对于促进与促进PA有关的健康和地点的了解的状态至关重要。跨学科研究团队通过试点工作在该主题和研究社区中拥有丰富的经验。在这项研究的结论中，我们将确定有力的证据支持亚足联对人口水平行为的影响，改变了更加身体上的生活方式（短期目标），并降低全国范围内的肥胖症（长期目标）。