Ultra Low Power Integrated Circuits and Systems for Cardiac Pacemakers

用于心脏起搏器的超低功耗集成电路和系统

• 批准号: 8705539
• 负责人: Eugene B John
• 金额: $ 11.03万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SAN ANTONIO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-01 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8705539
• 关键词: Algorithms; Architecture; Area; Arithmetic; Arrhythmia; Artificial cardiac pacemaker; Biological Models; Bradycardia; Cardiac; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cells; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Code; Collaborations; Computers; Consultations; Consumption; Contracts; Development; Devices; Effectiveness; Electrocardiogram; Electronics; Engineering; Extravasation; Frequencies; Glues; Goals; Health Care Costs; Health Sciences; Heart; Human; Implant; Instruction; Laboratories; Life; Logic; Memory; Minor Surgical Procedures; Modeling; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Myocardium; Operative Surgical Procedures; Oxides; Pacemakers; Pathway interactions; Patients; Physicians; Quality of life; Recovery; Research; Students; System; Systems Development; Techniques; Testing; Texas; Thick; Time; Transistors; Travel; Underrepresented Minority; United States; design; digital; experience; heart rhythm; implantable device; implantation; mortality; next generation; novel; programs; simulation

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cardiovascular diseases are one of the major causes of all human deaths. Irregular heartbeat or arrhythmia is one among many reasons for cardiovascular diseases. Arrhythmia related human cardiac mortality and morbidity can be reduced by implantable devices known as artificial pacemakers that are designed to monitor the cardiac status and to regulate the beating of the heart. A normal heartbeat is created by electrical impulses that are generated within a specialized area of the heart and travel down specific pathways to stimulate the cardiac muscle to contract. If this natural "pacemaker" or any part of the conduction system is dysfunctional for some reason, the normal heartbeat may become too slow (bradycardia) or fast (tachycardia100bpm). These are abnormal heart rhythms, or arrhythmias. In some cases, physicians will recommend implantation of a pacemaker to correct an arrhythmia. Nearly 200,000 permanent pacemakers are implanted annually in the United States. The battery in a pacemaker can last 7-8 years and is replaced during a minor surgical procedure. The development of the next generation of pacemakers that utilizes ultralow power circuits will extend the battery life further and will reduce the frequencyof the surgical procedure to replace the battery in the pacemaker. Increased battery life of the pacemaker not only will reduce the number of surgical procedures but also will bring down the healthcare cost associated with the surgical procedure. The primary objective of this proposal is to develop low power circuits and systems for ultra-low power cardiac pacemakers which will in turn reduce the frequency of surgical procedures to replace the pacemaker battery. In this research this objective will be achieved first by optimizing the architectures, algorithms and systems of the functional blocks of the cardiac pacemaker. Then we will systematically apply specific dynamic and leakage reductions techniques to the architecturally optimized functional blocks to reduce total energy consumption. In order to verify the soundness of our research strategies, and to validate our power optimized design, the developed ultra low power circuits will be fabricated through MOSIS. The fabricated integrated circuits will be tested for functional correctness and for the desired electrical characteristics.

描述（由申请人提供）：心血管疾病是所有人类死亡的主要原因之一。心跳或心律不齐是心血管疾病的众多原因之一。与心律不齐相关的人类心脏死亡率和发病率可以通过称为人造起搏器的可植入设备来降低，旨在监测心脏状况并调节心脏的跳动。正常的心跳是在心脏专用区域内产生的电动脉冲产生的，并沿特定的途径传播以刺激心肌收缩。如果由于某种原因，这种天然的“起搏器”或传导系统的任何部分都是功能失调，那么正常的心跳可能会变得太慢（心动过缓）或快速（Tachycardia100bpm）。这些是心律异常或心律不齐。在某些情况下，医生会建议植入起搏器以纠正心律不齐。每年在美国植入近20万名永久性起搏器。起搏器中的电池可以持续7 - 8年，并在小型外科手术过程中被替换。利用超速电路的下一代起搏器的发展将进一步扩大电池寿命，并将降低手术程序的频率，以替代起搏器中的电池。起搏器的电池寿命不仅会减少手术程序的数量，而且还会降低与手术程序相关的医疗保健成本。该提案的主要目的是为超低功率心脏起搏器开发低功率电路和系统，这反过来又将降低外科手术频率以替代起搏器电池。在这项研究中，将首先通过优化心脏起搏器功能块的架构，算法和系统来实现该目标。然后，我们将系统地将特定的动态和泄漏减少技术应用于建筑优化的功能块，以减少总能耗。为了验证我们的研究策略的合理性并验证我们的功率优化设计，将通过莫斯西斯（Mosis）制造开发的超低功率电路。制造的集成电路将测试是否具有功能正确性和所需的电气特性。