Social Cash Transfers, Household Risk and HIV Prevention in Kenya

肯尼亚的社会现金转移、家庭风险和艾滋病毒预防

基本信息

批准号：
8207966
负责人：
Sudhanshu Handa
金额：
$ 33.32万
依托单位：
UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-01-01 至 2013-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8207966
关键词：
AIDS prevention AIDS/HIV problem Accounting Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Adolescent Adult Affect Africa South of the Sahara Age Behavior Behavioral Capital Caregivers Cessation of life Child Choice Behavior Communities Control Groups Country Data Data Set Databases Development Eastern Africa Evaluation Experimental Designs Exposure to Family Government Grant HIV HIV Infections Health Health education Household Human Income Individual Infection Intervention Investments Kenya Life Measures Mediating Orphan Outcome Pathway interactions Peer Group Policies Poverty Prevalence Program Evaluation Psychometrics Public Health Public Policy Questionnaires Randomized Relative (related person)Relative Risks Research Proposals Risk Risk Assessment Risk Behaviors Sampling Savings School Enrollments Schools Secondary Schools Sex Behavior Social Impacts Social Welfare Social status Source Southern Africa Surveys Testing Time World Bank behavior influence burden of illness design discount expectation follow-up human capital instrument men novel payment preference programs public health relevance research study sex risk social tool transmission process young woman

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project will assess the impact of the Government of Kenya's Cash Transfer for Orphan and Vulnerable Children Program (CT-OVC) on the prevention of HIV. The study has 3 main aims. The first is to continue a unique social experiment initially designed to evaluate the impact of the program on a range of poverty, health and education outcomes among the target group of ultra-poor households with OVC. We will field a 4 year follow-up survey on the same households, approximately 13000 individuals and 6000 OVC, one-third of who were randomized out of the program the remainder who began receiving a cash grant in 2007. The second aim is to assess the impact of the program on HIV risk among adolescents, which will be accomplished by expanding the original survey instrument to include new modules on sexual activity and risky behavior among adolescents. The third aim will assess whether the program has affected time preferences for adults, and how time preferences, subjective risk assessment and risk aversion influence the propensity to engage in choice behavior with long time horizons such as savings, human capital investment and risky sexual activity. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Two-thirds of the estimated 33m people infected with HIV live in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Young people (age 15-24) account for nearly half of all new infections in SSA and HIV prevalence is 2 and sometimes 4-5 times higher among young women relative to men. This project examines the impact of the Kenya Cash Transfer for Orphans and Vulnerable Children program on adolescent sexual activity and HIV risk. It is the first study to assess the HIV prevention impact of a large scale government cash transfer program. The rigorous experimental design involving over 2200 households will provide new, robust estimates of the potential for cash transfer programs to reduce HIV transmission among young people in SSA.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目将评估肯尼亚政府孤儿和弱势儿童现金转移计划（CT-OVC）对预防艾滋病毒的影响。该研究有 3 个主要目标。首先是继续进行一项独特的社会实验，该实验最初旨在评估该计划对具有 OVC 的超贫困家庭目标群体的一系列贫困、健康和教育成果的影响。我们将对同一家庭（大约 13000 名个人和 6000 名 OVC）进行为期 4 年的跟踪调查，其中三分之一被随机排除在该计划之外，其余的则于 2007 年开始接受现金补助。第二个目标是评估该计划对青少年艾滋病毒风险的影响，这将通过扩大原来的调查工具，纳入有关青少年性活动和危险行为的新模块来实现。第三个目标将评估该计划是否影响了成年人的时间偏好，以及时间偏好、主观风险评估和风险规避如何影响长期选择行为的倾向，例如储蓄、人力资本投资和高风险性活动。公共卫生相关性：估计有 3300 万艾滋病毒感染者，其中三分之二生活在撒哈拉以南非洲 (SSA)。年轻人（15-24 岁）占 SSA 新增感染者的近一半，年轻女性的艾滋病毒感染率是男性的 2 倍，有时是男性的 4-5 倍。该项目研究了肯尼亚孤儿和弱势儿童现金转移计划对青少年性活动和艾滋病毒风险的影响。这是第一项评估大规模政府现金转移计划对艾滋病毒预防影响的研究。这项涉及 2200 多个家庭的严格实验设计将为现金转移计划减少撒哈拉以南非洲年轻人艾滋病毒传播的潜力提供新的、可靠的估计。