HIV treatment delays in Latinos: testing a model for social influence and trust

拉丁美洲人的艾滋病毒治疗延迟：测试社会影响和信任模型

• 批准号: 8696668
• 负责人: Aaron Timothy Vissman
• 金额: $ 3.14万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-03 至 2015-07-02
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8696668
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Accounting; Acculturation; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Address; Adherence; Affect; African American; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Area; Behavioral; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Caring; Cells; Central America; Clinic; Cohort Studies; Communities; Data; Destinations; Diagnosis; Disease Progression; Documentation; Drug Prescriptions; Early Diagnosis; Early treatment; Funding; Future; HIV; HIV Seropositivity; HIV diagnosis; HIV risk; Health; Heterosexuals; Hispanics; Histoplasmosis; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Immigrant; Individual; Latino; Learning; Length; Life; Link; Measurement; Medical; Mexico; Modeling; National Institute of Mental Health; North Carolina; Opportunistic Infections; Outcome; Participant; Pattern; Persons; Physicians; Population; Population Attributable Risks; Preventive Intervention; Principal Investigator; Process; Provider; Psychosocial Factor; Public Health; Regimen; Reporting; Research; Research Infrastructure; Risk; Sampling; Self Medication; Sexual Health; Social support; Source; Southeastern United States; Testing; Time; Toxoplasmosis; Translating; Treatment outcome; Trust; Tuberculosis; Uninsured; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Woman; Work; care seeking; experience; forest; health disparity; meetings; men; nonmedical use; prevent; psychosocial; public health relevance; residence; social; social model; surveillance data; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Early detection of HIV-positive status and entry into treatment is the most efficacious way to prevent the spread and/or progression of the disease. However surveillance data and cohort studies indicate Latinos in the United States (U.S.) are more likely than non-Latino blacks and whites to delay testing, present to care with an AIDS defining illness, and die within one year of learning their HIV-positive status. Recent studies have shown that U.S. immigrants from Mexico and Central America are more likely to delay testing and treatment compared to other foreign-born groups; and Latinos in Southeastern settlement areas may delay seeking care longer than Latinos in more established immigrant destinations. Because time lived in the U.S. and acculturation are often associated with increased behavioral risk and suboptimal health outcomes among Latinos, it is important to understand how combinations of social influences may affect HIV-risk, socio-medical trust, and likelihood of HIV-testing over time. The proposed research will apply Simons-Morton's Social Influences Model to test theoretical links between social influences, trust in medical providers, and likelihood of HIV testing among heterosexually active immigrant men and women. The proposed research uses data from three NIH and extramurally funded studies (2007 - 2009) to address three specific aims: (1) Assess validity of the WFU Physician Trust Scale among Spanish-speaking men and women from Mexico and Central America; (2) Estimate the structural relationships between sojourner social support, acculturative factors, and physician trust adjusting for length of residence in the U.S. and (3) Examine whether "socio-medical trust" moderates the HIV risk and testing relationships among men in the HoMBReS-2 HIV prevention intervention. The proposed research will advance theory and measurement of psychosocial processes in the most rapidly growing U.S. populations experiencing the most severe AIDS-related outcomes.

描述（由申请人提供）：早期发现HIV阳性状况和进入治疗是防止疾病传播和/或进展的最有效方法。但是，监视数据和队列研究表明，美国（美国）的拉丁美洲人比非拉丁裔黑人和白人更有可能延迟测试，以照顾定义疾病的艾滋病，并在学习其HIV阳性状态的一年内死亡。最近的研究表明，与其他外国出生的群体相比，来自墨西哥和中美洲的美国移民更有可能延迟测试和治疗。东南部定居点的拉丁美洲人可能会延迟寻求护理时间的时间比拉丁美洲人更长的移民目的地。由于生活在美国的时间和文化的时间通常与拉丁美洲人之间的行为风险和次优健康结果有关，因此了解社会影响的组合如何影响HIV危机，社会医学信任以及随着时间的推移艾滋病毒测试的可能性，这一点很重要。 拟议的研究将应用Simons-Morton的社会影响模型来测试社会影响力，对医疗提供者的信任以及异性活跃的移民男人和女性的艾滋病毒测试的可能性之间的理论联系。拟议的研究使用来自三项NIH和外部资助研究（2007-2009）的数据来解决三个具体目标：（1）评估来自墨西哥和中美洲西班牙语的男女中WFU医师信任量表的有效性； （2）估计寄居者社会支持，适应性因素和医师信任之间的结构关系调整了美国的居住时间，以及（3）检查“社会医学信任”是否会使HIV风险和测试HOMBRES-2 HIV HIV预防干预中的男性之间的艾滋病毒风险和测试关系。拟议的研究将推进理论和衡量心理社会过程，这是与艾滋病相关的最严重成果的最迅速增长的人群。