Understanding the Conceptual-Motor Interface

了解概念运动接口

• 批准号: 8460838
• 负责人: LAUREL J BUXBAUM
• 金额: $ 34.09万
• 依托单位: ALBERT EINSTEIN HEALTHCARE NETWORK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-01 至 2015-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8460838
• 关键词: Accounting; Affect; Apraxias; Architecture; Area; Biological Models; Brain; Clinical; Code; Cognition; Cognitive; Competence; Concept Formation; Coupled; Dementia; Disease; Dissociation; Environment; Exhibits; Goals; Grant; Individual Differences; Inferior; Investigation; Knowledge; Learning; Left; Lesion; Link; Modeling; Motor; Movement; Nature; Neurologic; Parietal; Patients; Pattern; Process; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Retrieval; Series; Shapes; Stroke; Structure; Syndrome; System; Testing; Time; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; United States National Institutes of Health; Visual; Work; base; clinically significant; cognitive neuroscience; design; improved; improved functioning; intraparietal sulcus; motor control; motor impairment; nervous system disorder; neuroimaging; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; response; theories; virtual

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): An emerging movement within cognitive neuroscience posits that many cognitive processes are a product of goal-directed interactions between actors and environments. A complementary view is the theory of "motor facilitation", which maintains that viewing an object activates the appropriate movements for interacting with it. Thus hypothesized is a strong bi-directional link between conceptual representations of objects and goal- directed actions. Due in part to the novelty of this area of investigation, relevant theories are for the most part highly unconstrained. This proposal makes use of our conceptual model of object-related actions, the 2 Action System model, to frame a theoretically- driven set of predictions that will be tested in an interdigitated series of studies with patients with stroke and cortico-basal ganglionic degeneration syndrome, both of whom exhibit high-level action disorders, healthy subjects, detailed neuroimaging analyses, and transcranial magnetic stimulation. One of the critical hypotheses to be tested is that different types of action representations may be activated under different task demands, with differing predicted time courses, and based upon distinct neuroanatomic substrates. Also to be tested are predictions related to a hypothesized set of constraints on the relationship of motor competence and conceptual organization. Finally, several experiments will relate individual differences in the current status of the motor system, and underlying integrity of brain structures involved in motor planning and execution, to a) activation of previously-existing, natural conceptual representations and b) the ability to develop artificial conceptual object and action representations. These studies will test the hypothesis that the competence of the motor system has highly circumscribed and predicted relevance for both natural concept retrieval as well as artificial concept learning. The proposed work is expected to have broad significance for theories of "selection for action" and "embodied cognition", as well as for accounts of higher-level disorders of motor control. Specifically, the proposed work will 1) provide critical constraints on the contexts in which bidirectional links are observed at the conceptual- motor interface, 2) elucidate the precise representational structure and time-course of activation of object and action representations, 3) anchor relevant constructs in a detailed cognitive-neuroanatomic model, and 4) clarify the nature of conceptual-motor impairments of patients with high-level (cognitive) action disorders.

描述（由申请人提供）：认知神经科学中的一种新兴运动认为，许多认知过程是参与者与环境之间目标指导相互作用的产物。互补的观点是“运动促进”的理论，它坚持认为观察对象会激活与之互动的适当动作。因此，假设是对象的概念表示与目标行动之间的牢固双向联系。部分原因是该研究领域的新颖性，相关理论在很大程度上是高度不受限制的。该建议利用了我们与对象相关的动作的概念模型，即2个动作系统模型，以构建理论上驱动的一组预测集，这些预测将在与中风和皮质神经节神经节退化综合征的一系列相互结合的研究中进行测试，其中两者都表现出高度的动作障碍，均表现出了较高的启发，并分析了详细的分析。要测试的关键假设之一是，不同类型的动作表示可以在不同的任务需求下被激活，并且具有不同的预测时间课程，并且基于不同的神经解剖基底物。还需要测试的是与假设的关于运动能力和概念组织关系的限制集有关的预测。最后，几个实验将将电机系统当前状态的个体差异以及运动计划和执行中涉及的大脑结构的潜在完整性与a）激活以前存在的自然概念表示以及b）开发人工概念对象和动作表示的能力。这些研究将检验以下假设，即运动系统的能力高度限制并预测了与自然概念检索和人工概念学习的相关性。预计拟议的工作将对“选择行动”和“体现认知”的理论以及对运动控制的高级疾病的说明具有广泛的意义。具体而言，拟议的工作将为1）在概念运动界面上观察到双向联系的上下文中提供关键限制，2）阐明对象和动作表示激活的精确表示结构和时间顺序，3）锚定相关的结构在详细的认知范围内与概念的概念相关的概念（4）概念的概念（4）概念的概念（概念）。动作障碍。