Malaria Epidemiology in Southeast Asia: Intra- and Inter-Country Dynamics

东南亚疟疾流行病学：国内和国际动态

• 批准号: 8500140
• 负责人: Prachumsri Jetsumon
• 金额: $ 60.56万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8500140
• 关键词: Accounting; Achievement; Address; Anti-malarial drug resistance; Antimalarials; Area; Back; Biological; China; Clinical; Communities; Country; Epidemiology; Face; Foundations; Heterogeneity; Human; Incidence; Infection; International; Knowledge; Malaria; Methods; Molecular; Molecular Epidemiology; Morbidity - disease rate; Myanmar; Parasites; Plasmodium falciparum; Protein Microchips; Research; Resolution; Sentinel; Site; Southeastern Asia; Testing; Thailand; Vector-transmitted infectious disease; World Health Organization; burden of illness; design; mortality; population genetic structure; prevent; programs; southeast Asian; transmission process

Malaria is the most important vector-borne disease in Southeast Asia. Malaria control in this region faces a number of important challenges, including a lack of information on malaria incidence in remote impoverished areas, a lack of knowledge and viable methods to prevent malaria introduction from hyperdendemic countries to neighboring low-incidence countries, and a lack of effective, integrated control strategies. We strategically select study sites in China, Thailand and Myanmar that vary significantly in malaria endemicity. Malaria parasite introduction from Myanmar by human travelers, together with local transmission heterogeneity, represents the most difficult problem for malaria control in these countries. Therefore, the overarching objective of this project is to gain critical information on intra-country and inter-country malaria epidemiology for developing effective malaria control strategies in these countries. We design the following five specific aims: 1) to conduct malaria surveillance to determine clinical malaria incidence and sub-clinical infection rates in remote, impoverished border regions and other sentinel sites, and to examine inter-country transmission dynamics; 2) to study the molecular epidemiology of antimalarial drug resistance and the population genetic structure of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax; 3) to identify malaria transmission foci at high spatial resolution and determine key environmental and biological determinants for transmission foci in the era of an intensive antimalarial campaign; 4) to examine immuno-epidemiology of P. falciparum and P. vivax infections using high-throughput protein microarrays, and 5) to develop integrated malaria management strategies and systematically evaluate the entomological and epidemiological impacts in multiple sites with distinct malaria epidemiology. This project lays important foundations for other projects of the ICEMR program, and will provide critical knowledge for developing and evaluating integrated malaria management strategies.

疟疾是东南亚最重要的媒介传播疾病。该地区的疟疾控制面临严峻挑战 一些重要的挑战，包括缺乏关于偏远贫困地区疟疾发病率的信息 地区，缺乏预防疟疾从高流行病传入的知识和可行方法 国家向邻近的低发病率国家转移，并且缺乏有效、综合的控制策略。我们 战略性地选择中国、泰国和缅甸的研究地点，这些地点的疟疾流行情况差异很大。 人类旅行者从缅甸引入疟疾寄生虫，以及当地传播 异质性是这些国家控制疟疾最困难的问题。因此， 该项目的总体目标是获取有关国内和国家间疟疾的重要信息 流行病学，以在这些国家制定有效的疟疾控制战略。我们设计如下 五个具体目标： 1) 进行疟疾监测，以确定临床疟疾发病率和亚临床发病率 偏远贫困边境地区和其他哨点的感染率，并检查国家间的感染率 传输动力学； 2）研究抗疟药物耐药性的分子流行病学和 恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫的群体遗传结构； 3）确定疟疾传播灶 在高空间分辨率下确定传输焦点的关键环境和生物决定因素 在密集抗疟运动的时代； 4) 检查恶性疟原虫和疟原虫的免疫流行病学。 使用高通量蛋白质微阵列检测间日疟原虫感染，以及 5) 开发综合疟疾 管理策略并系统评估昆虫学和流行病学影响 具有不同疟疾流行病学特征的多个地点。该项目为其他项目的实施奠定了重要基础 ICEMR 计划，将为开发和评估综合疟疾提供关键知识 管理策略。