GUIDE: Genomic Uses in Infectious Diseases and Epidemics

指南：基因组在传染病和流行病中的应用

• 批准号: 8682894
• 负责人: GAIL GELLER
• 金额: $ 27.39万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-06-16 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8682894
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Adverse effects; Attention; Behavioral; Benefits and Risks; Bioethics; Case Study; Categories; Chagas Disease; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Communicable Diseases; Communication; Communities; Dengue; Development Plans; Diabetes Mellitus; Diagnosis; Epidemic; Ethics; Evaluation; Focus Groups; Frequencies; Genetic; Genetic Counseling; Genomics; HIV; Health Policy; Heart Diseases; Hepatitis C; Hepatitis C virus; Human; Human Papillomavirus; Immunology; Infection; Infectious Disease Epidemiology; Information Dissemination; Information Technology; Insecta; Interview; Laws; Learning; Legal; Malaria; Malignant Neoplasms; Maps; Obesity; Paper; Patients; Phase; Pilot Projects; Policies; Policy Making; Preparation; Prevention; Printing; Process; Public Health; Radio; Readiness; Recommendation; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Research Training; Risk Factors; Safety; Scholarship; Science; Severities; Smoking; Social Policies; Social Sciences; Specialist; TNFRSF5 gene; Television; Training Programs; Training and Education; Tuberculosis; Virus Diseases; Vision; clinical practice; ethical legal social implication; evidence base; foodborne infection; infectious disease treatment; informant; legal implication; multidisciplinary; novel; pandemic influenza; policy implication; programs; public health relevance; response; science education; social; social communication; social implication; vaccine development; vaccine safety; working group

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Genomic information offers the opportunity for "personalized prevention" in both clinical practice and public health settings. To date, such efforts have focused primarily on chronic diseases and their behavioral risk factors. We propose an exploratory CEER to study the ethical, legal, social and policy (ELSP) issues arising in the novel and timely context of infectious disease. The proposed P20, "GUIDE: Genomic Uses in Infectious Disease & Epidemics, would be the first to map this terrain, and prepare for a Center to analyze relevant ELSP issues and make policy recommendations for addressing them. During the planning phase we will gather multidisciplinary content experts at Johns Hopkins to achieve four specific aims: (SA1): Create an organizational infrastructure, consisting of a Working Group and various intra-institutional, governmental and community stakeholders who will engage in a multidisciplinary dialogical approach that is standard in bioethics, to identify ad address emerging issues in the application of genomics to infectious diseases. (SA2): Illuminate the ELSP implications of advances in genomics for two paradigmatic viral diseases: (a) pandemic flu as an acute infection, and (b) Hepatitis C as a chronic infection. Through key informant interviews, focus groups, and white papers on the legal and policy issues, we will highlight the utility and ELSP implications of genomics for prevention (vaccine development, safety and efficacy, distribution and allocation) and treatment (severity of infection, efficacy/response of potential therapies, side effects, allocation). (SA3): Document information dissemination and communication about genomics and infectious diseases in the scientific, public health and social media domains. (SA4): Develop a vision and plan for a Center of Excellence (P50) on the ELSP implications of advances in genomics for infectious diseases. In developing the comprehensive research and training programs for the P50, we will apply what we learn from our "case studies" to other infectious diseases that are transmitted from human-to-human (e.g., HIV, HPV, tuberculosis), and broaden our reach to include additional categories of infectious disease such as insect-borne (e.g., malaria, Dengue fever, Chagas disease) and, perhaps, food-borne infections.

描述（由申请人提供）：基因组信息为临床实践和公共卫生环境中的“个性化预防”提供了机会。迄今为止，此类努力主要集中在慢性病及其行为风险因素上。我们提出了一个探索性 CEER 来研究在新的、及时的传染病背景下出现的伦理、法律、社会和政策 (ELSP) 问题。拟议的 P20“指南：传染病和流行病中的基因组用途”将是第一个绘制该地形图的项目，并准备建立一个中心来分析相关的 ELSP 问题并提出解决这些问题的政策建议。在规划阶段，我们将收集多学科的信息约翰霍普金斯大学的内容专家旨在实现四个具体目标：（SA1）：创建一个组织基础设施，由工作组和各种机构内、政府和社区利益相关者组成，他们将参与标准的多学科对话方法在生物伦理学领域，确定并解决基因组学在传染病应用中出现的新问题（SA2）：阐明基因组学进展对两种典型病毒性疾病的 ELSP 影响：(a) 作为一种急性感染的大流行性流感，以及 (b)丙型肝炎作为一种慢性感染，通过关键知情人访谈、焦点小组以及有关法律和政策问题的白皮书，我们将强调基因组学在预防（疫苗开发、安全性和有效性、分配和分配）方面的效用和 ELSP 影响。治疗（感染的严重程度、潜在疗法的功效/反应、副作用、分配）。 (SA3)：记录科学、公共卫生和社交媒体领域有关基因组学和传染病的信息传播和交流。 (SA4)：为卓越中心 (P50) 制定关于传染病基因组学进展对 ELSP 影响的愿景和计划。在为 P50 制定综合研究和培训计划时，我们将从“案例研究”中学到的知识应用于其他人际传播的传染病（例如 HIV、HPV、结核病），并扩大我们的研究范围。范围包括其他类别的传染病，例如昆虫传播的疾病（例如疟疾、登革热、南美锥虫病），或许还包括食源性感染。