Does chronotype modify the relationship between sleep and BMI in adolescents?

睡眠时间类型是否会改变青少年睡眠与体重指数之间的关系？

• 批准号: 8718600
• 负责人: Susan Kohl Malone
• 金额: $ 4.27万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8718600
• 关键词: 19 year old; Absenteeism; Accident and Emergency department; Administrator; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Alcohol consumption; Area; Athletic; Behavior; Behavioral; Body mass index; Chronic Disease; Circadian Rhythms; Communities; Conflict (Psychology); Consumption; Coupled; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Diagnosis; Diet Habits; Direct Costs; Eating; Education; Emotional; Endocrine; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Exposure to; Future; Goals; Health; Health Care Costs; Health Promotion; Hispanics; Hospitalization; Hour; Individual; Interdisciplinary Study; Intervention; Lead; Leptin; Light; Lighting; Measures; Medicaid; Melatonin; Metabolic; Metabolic Diseases; Minority; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Nurses; Obesity; Observational Study; Outcome; Outpatients; Overweight; Parents; Pathway interactions; Phase; Physical activity; Physicians; Play; Policies; Puberty; Quality of life; Race; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Rewards; Risk; Role; Schedule; School Nursing; School Teachers; Schools; Scientist; Services; Sleep; Specific qualifier value; Staging; Strategic Planning; Students; Technology; Time; Tobacco use; Variant; Visit; Youth; burden of illness; circadian pacemaker; clinical practice; clinically significant; cost; design; development policy; disorder prevention; fast food; health disparity; health related quality of life; high school; ninth grade; obesity in children; obesity prevention; obesity risk; physical conditioning; prevent; primary care setting; programs; public health relevance; screening; sex; social; socioeconomics; soft drink; stem; teacher; tenth grade; trend

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Reversing and/or preventing obesity during adolescence yields significant cardio-metabolic rewards. Yet, 90% of obese adolescents become obese adults. This highlights the difficulty in reversing obesity once onset occurs. Additionally, progress in preventing childhood obesity has been slow. Despite promising trends, the widening gulf between minorities and lower socio-economic youth and their non-minority, more affluent counterparts threatens our ability to reduce health disparities in the future. Targeting adolescents for obesity prevention holds great promise for stemming high obesity rates. Theoretical, experimental, and epidemiological support for an association between sleep and obesity exists. However, not all short sleepers are overweight/obese and vice versa and extant studies report inconsistent findings. This observational study in a lower socio-economic racially diverse school district in NJ seeks to explore whether chronotype modifies the association between short sleep and obesity in adolescents. This study will be one of the first to explore this association. It will involve collaborative efforts with school nurses, physicians, heath teachers, school district administrators, the parent teacher association, and the community at large, thus exemplifying a strong community partnership. It exemplifies how future nurse scientists may lead the way in providing evidence for bio-behavioral approaches to preventing/reversing obesity in adolescents. This proposal is consistent with the applicant's long-term goal to explore chronobiological factors impacting adolescent obesity and sleep and to establish a program of interdisciplinary research aimed at preventing/reducing childhood obesity and current/future health disparities. Findings from this study will influence policy and clinical practice. Sensitivity of adolescent circadian rhythms to evening light exposure increases the propensity for later chronotypes. Therefore, urban planning and development policies should seek to limit the exposure to light at night by adolescents. Street lighting, field lighting, and community signage should be limited and/or designed to emit lux below a specified threshold in specified areas. School and community athletic policies limiting high school games/practices during late evening hours in lit athletic fields/gymnasiums will also be warranted. Parent/student education coupled with effective strategies for limiting nighttime exposure from light emitting technology will also be important. Screening for late chronotype throughout adolescence will identify those at greatest risk for deleterious metabolic effects. Interventions such as parentally enforced bedtimes, morning light exposure, and support for later high school start times will help maintain circadian alignment limiting deleterious health effects, such as increased BMI, in adolescents with late chronotypes.

描述（由申请人提供）：在青春期逆转和/或预防肥胖会产生明显的心替代奖励。然而，有90％的肥胖青少年成为肥胖的成年人。这突显了一旦发生发作后，扭转肥胖的困难。此外，预防儿童肥胖症的进展很慢。尽管有希望的趋势，但少数群体与较低的社会经济青年及其非终点之间的扩大，富裕的同行有可能使我们未来降低健康差异的能力。靶向肥胖症预防青少年对阻止高肥胖率的巨大希望。存在对睡眠与肥胖之间关联的理论，实验和流行病学支持。但是，并非所有短睡眠者都超重/肥胖，反之亦然，现存研究报告了不一致的发现。 在新泽西州的一个社会经济多样化学区中，这项观察性研究试图探索时间型是否会改变青少年短睡眠与肥胖之间的关联。这项研究将是最早探索这种关联的研究之一。它将涉及与学校护士，医师，卫生教师，学区管理员，家长教师协会和整个社区的合作努力，从而体现了强大的社区伙伴关系。它举例说明了未来的护士科学家如何在为防止/逆转青少年肥胖的生物行为方法提供证据。该提案与申请人的长期目标是一致的，该目标是探索影响青少年肥胖和睡眠的时间生物学因素，并建立旨在防止/减少儿童肥胖和当前/未来健康差异的跨学科研究计划。 这项研究的发现将影响政策和临床实践。青少年昼夜节律对夜间光照暴露的敏感性增加了以后的计时型的倾向。因此，城市规划和发展政策应试图限制青少年在夜间对光线的暴露。街道照明，现场照明和社区标牌应受到限制和/或设计，以在指定区域的指定阈值以下发射LUX。在傍晚时分，在傍晚的运动场/体育馆中，学校和社区体育政策限制了高中比赛/练习。父母/学生教育以及限制光发技术暴露夜间暴露的有效策略也将很重要。在整个青春期中筛查晚期晚期的筛查将确定那些具有有害代谢作用的风险最大的人。干预措施，例如养育 在患有晚期型号的青少年中，强制性的床位，早晨的曝光量和对以后的高中开始时间的支持将有助于保持昼夜节律限制有害健康效果，例如增加BMI。