Project 8: Characterization of Wind Blown Dust from Tailings and other Mining

项目 8：尾矿和其他采矿业风吹粉尘的表征

• 批准号: 8253744
• 负责人: Eric A Betterton
• 金额: $ 23.03万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8253744
• 关键词: Address; Aerosols; Agreement; Altitude; Alveolar; Archives; Arizona; Arsenic; Breathing; Cadmium; Caliber; Characteristics; Chemicals; Child; Chromium; Climate; Collaborations; Computer Simulation; Consent; Data; Deposition; Development; Dust; Elements; Environment; Environmental Wind; Event; Exposure to; Funding; Generations; Hazardous Waste; Health; Indium; Ingestion; International; Iron; Laboratories; Lead; Letters; Link; Location; Lung; Measurement; Measures; Mechanics; Metals; Mining; Modeling; Particulate Matter; Phase; Population; Population Growth; Positioning Attribute; Radioisotopes; Resolution; Risk; Risk Assessment; Role; Route; Safety; Sampling; Scanning; Science; Sea; Services; Site; Soil; Source; Study models; Surface; Tail; Trace metal; Ultrafine; United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Universities; Water; Weather; Work; attenuation; climate change; contaminant transport; exposed human population; improved; interest; model development; operation; particle; planetary Atmosphere; remediation; skills; superfund site; tool; toxic metal; ultrafine particle; wasting

Atmospheric dust originating from mine tailings and other mining operations is a potentially important human exposure route for arsenic, lead and other toxic elements in the arid Southwest, and will become increasingly important here and elsewhere with predicted regional climate change and population growth. Dust particles emitted from mining operations mobilize trace metals which can then accumulate in soils, natural waters, and vegetation. Human exposure to the dust can occur through inhalation and, especially in the case of children, incidental dust ingestion. This project will use Micro-Orifice Uniform Deposit Impactor samplers to collect atmospheric aerosols in ten size fractions (0.056 microM to 18 microM aerodynamic diameter), downwind of two Superfund sites - contaminated mine tailings at Hayden-Winkleman and Iron King, AZ. The separate fractions will yield size-fractionated mass concentration data for toxic metals and metalloids (As, Pb, Cr, Cd, Sb), as well as other physicochemical characteristics. A scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) will allow us to count the number of ultrafine particles, which are thought to be most closely linked to adverse health effects. Using these tools, the following Aims will be addressed: 1) assess the role of atmospheric dust in the transport of metals contaminants from mine operations 2) identify contaminant source to assess remediation approaches 3) in collaboration with Project 9 assess role of vegetation cover to reduce dust emission 4) incorporate results into University of Arizona - Dust Regional Atmosphere Model for prediction of dust emissions and human exposures These studies will be performed in collaboration with Region 9 EPA and the State of Arizona Department of Environmental Quality. The results of these studies will be critical additions to the information that these agencies utilize for risk assessment of down-wind exposed populations.

尾矿和其他采矿作业产生的大气灰尘是干旱的西南部地区砷、铅和其他有毒元素的潜在重要人类接触途径，并且随着预计的区域气候变化和人口增长，该地区和其他地方将变得越来越重要。采矿作业排放的粉尘颗粒会动员微量金属，然后这些金属会积聚在土壤、天然水体和植被中。人体可能通过吸入而接触粉尘，尤其是儿童，可能会通过偶然摄入粉尘的方式接触粉尘。该项目将使用微孔均匀沉积冲击采样器在两个超级基金站点（亚利桑那州 Hayden-Winkleman 和 Iron King 受污染的尾矿）的下风处收集十种尺寸分数（0.056 µM 至 18 µM 空气动力学直径）的大气气溶胶。单独的分数将产生有毒金属和类金属（As、Pb、Cr、Cd、Sb）的尺寸分级质量浓度数据，以及其他物理化学特征。扫描迁移率粒径分析仪 (SMPS) 将使我们能够计算超细颗粒的数量，超细颗粒被认为与不良健康影响最密切相关。使用这些工具，将实现以下目标： 1) 评估大气灰尘在矿山作业金属污染物输送中的作用 2）确定污染源以评估修复方法 3）与项目9合作评估植被覆盖对减少粉尘排放的作用 4) 将结果纳入亚利桑那大学 - 灰尘区域大气模型，用于预测灰尘排放和人体暴露 这些研究将与第 9 区 EPA 和亚利桑那州环境质量部合作进行。这些研究的结果将是这些机构用于对顺风暴露人群进行风险评估的信息的重要补充。