CRIME-PA: CRIme Measures Evaluations for Physical Activity

CRIME-PA：CRIme 衡量身体活动的评估

• 批准号: 8725225
• 负责人: JAMES F. SALLIS
• 金额: $ 73.42万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8725225
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adult; Age; Alcohol consumption; Baltimore; Behavior; Behavioral; Blood Coagulation Factor VII; Cognitive; County; Crime; Criminology; Data; Development; District of Columbia; Elderly; Emotional; Environment; Evaluation; Factor Analysis; Focus Groups; Fright; Goals; Group Interviews; Individual; Joints; Longevity; Measurement; Measures; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Obesity; Outcome; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Perception; Performance; Phase; Physical activity; Pilot Projects; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Activity; Risk; Sampling; Smoking; Stress; Structure; Testing; Validity and Reliability; age group; base; experience; informant; middle age; prospective; public health relevance; response; secondary outcome; sedentary; sex; theories; waist circumference; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Crime and fear of crime are often cited as contributors to low physical activity across the lifespan, but the data are surprisingly inconsistent. Previous studies relied on simplistic models and poorly-developed measures to examine the relationship between fear of crime and physical activity, which may contribute to inconsistent results. This study proposes a new model based on criminological theory and research on personal experiences with crime, cognitive and emotional responses to crime, and behavioral responses to crime, to examine relationships with physical activity and other CVD-related behaviors. The proposed CRIME-PA project will evaluate a trans-disciplinary conceptual model of the relation of crime and crime-related perceptions to physical activity and other CVD-related outcomes across the lifespan. This project will proceed in two phases: The formative research phase will involve systematic development of a set of measures, using age-specific focus groups and interviews with expert informants to assess perceptions of and responses to crime for 4 age groups: Older adults (66 yrs and older), Middle-Age Adults (40-65 yrs), Younger Adults (18-39 yrs), and Adolescents (12-17 yrs). We will draw on results from the focus groups and interviews, as well as existing measures from criminology, to develop a set of scales of crime-related perceptions that can be applied across the lifespan. During the second phase, 500 participants in each of the 4 age groups (n=2000) will be re-recruited from our previous studies of residents of diverse neighborhoods in 3 US regions - San Diego, CA, Seattle/King County, WA and Baltimore, MD/Washington, DC. Construct validity will be assessed by testing associations of each scale with objectively measured physical activity (accelerometers) and self- reported activity in specific domains (leisure, transport) and settings (indoors/outdoors, in/out o neighborhood, parks). The primary aim is to evaluate the independent and joint contributions of crime risk and crime- related perceptions to the explanation of physical activity outcomes, adjusting for personal and neighborhood SES and other confounders. The secondary aims are (1) to develop measures of crime- related scales and evaluate their reliability and factor invariance, and (2) to evaluate the construct validity of the new crime-related measures compared to physical activity. Exploratory aims will examine moderators of crime perception--physical activity associations and explore relations with secondary outcomes of sedentary behavior, obesity, waist circumference, stress, smoking, and alcohol use. Pilot studies indicate re- recruitment rates of over 80%, 6-10 years later. We will assess invariance of new measures across age groups to determine whether common measures are possible or age-specific measures are required. The integration of criminology collaborators, concepts, and measures into the project promises to result in new measures of crime-related perceptions are more definitive analyses that can substantially advance the field.

描述（由申请人提供）：犯罪和对犯罪的恐惧通常被认为是整个生命周期中体育活动低的贡献者，但数据令人惊讶地不一致。先前的研究依赖于简单的模型和发达的措施来检查对犯罪和体育活动的恐惧之间的关系，这可能导致结果不一致。这项研究提出了一个基于犯罪学理论的新模型，并研究了对犯罪，对犯罪的认知和情感反应以及对犯罪行为的反应的研究，以研究与体育活动和其他与CVD相关的行为的关系。拟议中的犯罪PA项目将评估犯罪与犯罪相关观念与体育活动以及整个生命周期中与CVD相关的结果的跨学科概念模型。 This project will proceed in two phases: The formative research phase will involve systematic development of a set of measures, using age-specific focus groups and interviews with expert informants to assess perceptions of and responses to crime for 4 age groups: Older adults (66 yrs and older), Middle-Age Adults (40-65 yrs), Younger Adults (18-39 yrs), and Adolescents (12-17 yrs).我们将借鉴焦点小组和访谈的结果以及犯罪学的现有措施，以开发一系列与犯罪相关的看法，可以在整个生命周期中应用。在第二阶段中，将从我们先前对美国3个地区的不同社区居民（加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥，加利福尼亚州，西雅图/金县）和马里兰州/华盛顿州巴尔的摩市的三个地区的居民进行研究中重新获得4个年龄段（n = 2000）的500名参与者（n = 2000）。构造有效性将通过测试每个量表的关联与客观测量的体育活动（加速度计）和自我报告的活动（休闲，运输）和设置（室内/室外，在室内/室外，邻里，公园）中进行评估。主要目的是评估犯罪风险和与犯罪相关的观念的独立和共同贡献，以解释体育活动结果，调整个人和邻里SES和其他混杂因素。次要目的是（1）制定与犯罪相关量表的度量并评估其可靠性和因素不变性，以及（2）评估与体育活动相比，新的与犯罪相关措施的结构有效性。探索目的将检查犯罪感知的主持人 - 物理活动的关联，并探索与久坐行为，肥胖，腰围，压力，吸烟和饮酒的次要结果的关系。试点研究表明，6 - 10年后的重新招募率超过80％。我们将评估跨年龄段的新措施的不变性，以确定是否可能采取常见措施或需要特定年龄的措施。犯罪学合作者，概念和措施纳入项目的整合有望导致与犯罪相关的看法的新措施，这是可以实质上推进该领域的更确定性分析。