MOLECULAR AND BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PANDEMIC FLU

大流行性流感的分子和生物学特征

• 批准号: 8357863
• 负责人: Ilhem Messaoudi
• 金额: $ 5.82万
• 依托单位: OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-05-01 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8357863
• 关键词: Animal Model; Biological; Disease Outbreaks; Disease Progression; Elderly; Funding; Genes; Grant; Immune response; Immune system; Individual; Infection; Influenza; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; Influenza A virus; Molecular; Morbidity - disease rate; National Center for Research Resources; Outcome; Primates; Principal Investigator; Public Health; Research; Research Infrastructure; Resources; Source; Testing; United States National Institutes of Health; Viral; age related; aged; cost; defined contribution; influenzavirus; mortality; neutralizing antibody; pandemic disease; pandemic influenza; seasonal influenza; young adult

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. Influenza A viruses continue to be a public health concern due to the mortality and morbidity associated with seasonal influenza and pandemic influenza. Moreover, the 2009 H1N1 outbreak serves as a reminder of the ability of influenza viruses to generate strains that can cause global pandemics, and that influenza viruses continue to pose a significant threat to public health. Of all the pandemics caused by the influenza viruses in the 20th century, the 1918 pandemic, or "Spanish influenza", was by far the most devastating. One of the intriguing outcomes of the 1918 pandemic is the fact that mortality was highest in young adults and not aged individuals. Two hypotheses can explain this outcome: 1) the dampened adaptive immune response in elderly individuals protected them against destruction by the immune system; 2) the presence of cross-neutralizing antibodies directed against other H1N1 viruses protected older individuals. The only way to test these hypotheses is to utilize an animal model where the presence of cross-neutralizing antibodies can be controlled. In these studies we propose to: 1. Define the contribution of viral and host genes to the global host response to infection. 2. Characterize age-related differences in disease progression and host immune response.

该子项目是利用资源的众多研究子项目之一 由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目的主要支持 并且子项目的主要研究者可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括其他 NIH 来源。 子项目可能列出的总成本 代表子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， NCRR 赠款不直接向子项目或子项目工作人员提供资金。 由于与季节性流感和大流行性流感相关的死亡率和发病率，甲型流感病毒仍然是一个公共卫生问题。此外，2009 年 H1N1 流感的爆发提醒人们，流感病毒有能力产生可导致全球大流行的毒株，并且流感病毒继续对公众健康构成重大威胁。在 20 世纪流感病毒引起的所有大流行中，1918 年的大流行（又称“西班牙流感”）是迄今为止最具破坏性的。 1918 年大流行的一个有趣的结果是，年轻人的死亡率最高，而不是老年人。有两个假设可以解释这一结果：1）老年人适应性免疫反应减弱，保护他们免受免疫系统的破坏； 2) 针对其他 H1N1 病毒的交叉中和抗体的存在可以保护老年人。检验这些假设的唯一方法是利用可以控制交叉中和抗体存在的动物模型。在这些研究中，我们建议： 1. 定义病毒和宿主基因对全球宿主感染反应的贡献。 2. 描述疾病进展和宿主免疫反应中与年龄相关的差异。