The Maryland Prisoner Reentry Relocation Experiment

马里兰州囚犯重返重新安置实验

• 批准号: 8772119
• 负责人: David Kirk
• 金额: $ 7.73万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8772119
• 关键词: Back; Baltimore; Behavior; Case Management; Cities; Collaborations; Communities; Community Health; County; Crime; Data; Enrollment; Environment; Funding; Geographic Locations; Goals; Health; Home environment; Housing; Hurricane; Imprisonment; Individual; Intervention; Location; Marketing; Maryland; Methods; Natural experiment; Neighborhoods; Participant; Pattern; Policies; Prisoner; Prisons; Public Health; Public Housing; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Residential Mobility; Safety; Secure; Services; Surveys; Testing; Time; Translating; United States; Violence; Work; authority; base; comparison group; cost; criminal behavior; male; migration; neighborhood safety; offender; parole; parolee; peer; population migration; public health relevance; rearrest; recidivism; reincarceration; research study; volunteer

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): More than 700,000 prisoners are released from U.S. prisons each year, and estimates suggest that half of these individuals will be back in prison within just three years. The public health consequences of high levels of criminal recidivism are dire. Recidivists tend to be high rate criminal offenders who contribute substantially to the total volume of crime in a community. In turn, neighborhood crime, particularly violence, is a stressful condition that has a variety of detrimental health consequences. One reason for high rates of recidivism in the United States is the fact that many former prisoners return home to the same residential environment, with the same criminal peers and same criminal opportunities, where they resided before incarceration. Through a randomized controlled trial, this study aims to examine the counterfactual situation-that is, the effects on criminal recidivism of residential migration far away from former neighborhoods that is made possible by greater access to housing assistance. Working in collaboration with the Maryland Department of Public Safety and Correctional Services, project researchers will randomly assign voluntary parolee participants to treatment groups that are distinguished by the location of a housing subsidy equivalent to the fair market rent: 1) The experimental group of movers will receive a housing subsidy for use only in a designated geographic area. Offenders who resided in Baltimore City prior to incarceration will be provided a subsidy for housing in Prince George's County, which is located more than 25 miles from Baltimore. Offenders who resided in Prince George's County will be provided a subsidy for use in Baltimore City. 2) The housing comparison group of stayers will receive a housing subsidy for use in the jurisdiction where they resided immediately prior to incarceration. Before undertaking full implementation with a projected 125 participants per group, the project team will conduct a pilot test of 40 cases. This pilot will allow the project tem to verify enrollment of a sufficient number of participants into the project, and to assess the extent to which these participants comply with their randomly assigned treatments. If the likelihood of criminal recidivism is lower when parolees reside in a geographic area different from where they resided prior to incarceration, then removing the institutional barriers to residential relocation may enhance public safety in aggregate and lower incarceration costs at the same time. In particular, it may be fruitful for public housing authorities to provide more housing opportunities for ex- offenders, especially in locations some distance from where the offender resided in the past. Moreover, if residential relocation reduces the likelihood of recidivism, then changes to the parole policies in many states that restrict (or at least discourage) residential mobility may be worth pursuing.

描述（由申请人提供）：每年从美国监狱中释放了70万名囚犯，估计这些人中有一半将在短短三年内重返监狱。高水平的犯罪犯罪行为的公共卫生后果是可怕的。累犯往往是高利率的刑事罪犯，他们为总数做出了重大贡献 社区中的犯罪数量。反过来，邻里犯罪，尤其是暴力行为，是一种压力很大，具有多种有害的健康后果。在美国，累犯率很高的原因之一是，许多前囚犯返回同一居住环境，拥有同样的犯罪同龄人和相同的犯罪机会，他们在监禁前居住。通过一项随机对照试验，本研究的目的是检查反事实的情况，即对住宅迁移的犯罪累犯的影响，远离以前的社区，这是通过更多获得住房援助的机会。项目研究人员与马里兰州公共安全和惩教服务部合作，将自愿假释者参与者随机分配给治疗组，这些治疗组是由相当于公平市场租金的住房补贴所在的位置而区分的：1）实验组的推动者将仅在指定的地理区域中获得住房补贴。在监禁前居住在巴尔的摩市的罪犯将获得乔治王子县住房的补贴，乔治王子县距巴尔的摩25英里。 居住在乔治王子县的罪犯将获得在巴尔的摩市使用的补贴。 2）住房比较组将获得住房补贴，用于在监禁前立即居住的管辖区使用。在每组预计的125名参与者进行全面实施之前，项目团队将对40例案件进行试点测试。该飞行员将允许项目TEM验证足够数量的参与者进入该项目，并评估这些参与者遵守其随机分配治疗的程度。如果当假释居住在与被监禁之前居住的地理区域不同时，犯罪犯罪行为的可能性较低，那么消除住宅搬迁的机构障碍可能会增强总体和降低监禁成本的公共安全。特别是，对于公共住房当局来说，为犯罪者提供更多住房机会，尤其是在距罪犯过去居住的地方的位置可能是富有成效的。此外，如果住宅搬迁减少了累犯的可能性，那么在许多州的假释政策变化（或至少灰心）可能值得追求。