Thermosensory encoding in the Drosophila larva

果蝇幼虫的热感编码

• 批准号: 8501025
• 负责人: Mason Klein
• 金额: $ 5.57万
• 依托单位: HARVARD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-01 至 2015-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8501025
• 关键词: Afferent Neurons; Age; Animal Behavior; Animals; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Calcium; Cells; Characteristics; Complex; Decision Making; Detection; Development; Disease; Disputes; Drosophila genus; Environment; Family; Functional Imaging; Goals; Growth; Health; Heating; Human; Image; Individual; Investigation; Ion Channel; Knowledge; Larva; Life; Mammals; Mediating; Methods; Microscope; Modification; Molecular; Moods; Mutation; Nervous System Physiology; Nervous system structure; Neurobiology; Neurons; Neurosciences; Optics; Output; Perception; Physiological; Process; Property; Regulation; Research; Resolution; Rewards; Role; Sensory; Sorting - Cell Movement; Staging; Stimulus; System; Techniques; Temperature; Time; Variant; Work; avoidance behavior; base; cold temperature; data acquisition; developmental plasticity; fitness; human disease; in vivo; insight; neural circuit; neurogenetics; neurophysiology; novel; operation; optical imaging; receptor; response; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A broad goal of neuroscience is to understand decision making in animal behavior, from sensory input, to neuronal response and computation, to the resulting behavioral output. Obtaining this sort of knowledge in humans is extremely complicated, but understanding the process for a well-defined stimulus like temperature, in simpler animals like Drosophila, is a tractable and highly rewarding undertaking. Particularly in their larval form, Drosophila behavior as they navigate their environment is highly quantifiable; they are also well-suited for in vivo optical imaging, and we can observe activity at the single-neuron level. We propose a detailed investigation into the neurobiology of larval temperature response, both at the level of observing navigation strategies across larval developmental stages, and at the neuronal level as we identify neurons that participate in temperature response, examine their sensitivity, and determine what changes over development. The behavioral component can be achieved with novel temperature control apparatuses and data acquisition methods capable of precisely quantifying navigation strategy; the imaging component will utilize a modified 3D spinning-disk confocal microscope, its high contrast allowing single-neuron resolution and its sensitivity allowing detection of calcium activity as neurons respond to temperature variation. Technical advances will enable this work to resolve several disputed questions in the field and increase our broader understanding of animal behavior and decision-making. Using this quantitative behavioral analysis and optical neurophysiology, we will characterize the precise contribution of molecules that have been implicated in thermotaxis to particular components of thermotaxis, from perception to navigational decision-making. It is known that transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are involved in heat and cold avoidance, and TRP TRP channels have a special relevance to human health, as such channels are also found in mammals, and mutations in some TRP channels underlie diseases.

描述（由申请人提供）：神经科学的一个广泛目标是了解动物行为的决策，从感觉输入，神经元反应和计算再到由此产生的行为输出。在人类中获得这种知识非常复杂，但是在果蝇等简单的动物中，了解温度明确的刺激的过程是一项可进行且高度有意义的事业。尤其是在幼虫形式中，果蝇在环境中导航的行为是高度量化的。它们也非常适合体内光学成像，我们可以在单神经元水平上观察活性。我们提出了对幼虫温度反应的神经生物学的详细研究，既在跨幼虫发育阶段观察导航策略的水平，又是在神经元水平上，因为我们确定了参与温度响应的神经元，检查其敏感性，都检查其敏感性，并确定在发育中的变化。可以通过精确量化导航策略的新型温度控制设备和数据采集方法来实现行为成分；成像成分将利用修改后的3D旋转盘共聚焦显微镜，其高对比度允许单神经元分辨率及其敏感性，从而可以在神经元响应温度变化时检测到钙活性。技术进步将使这项工作能够解决该领域的几个有争议的问题，并提高我们对动物行为和决策的广泛理解。使用这种定量的行为分析和光学神经生理学，我们将表征从感知到导航决策的特定组成部分，与热持型与特定成分有关的分子的精确贡献。众所周知，瞬时受体电位（TRP）通道参与热和冷避免，而TRP TRP通道与人类健康具有特殊相关性，因为在哺乳动物中也发现了这些通道，并且在某些TRP通道中的突变是疾病的基础。