Evaluating South Dakota's 24/7 Sobriety Program

评估南达科他州的 24/7 清醒计划

基本信息

批准号：
8418780
负责人：
Beau Griffin Kilmer
金额：
$ 29.43万
依托单位：
RAND CORPORATION
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-02-10 至 2015-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8418780
关键词：
Accidents Admission activity Adopted Alcohol abuse Alcohol consumption Alcohols Anecdotes Attention Award Breathalyzer Tests Communities Costs and Benefits County Crime Criminal Justice Data Deltastab Drops Effectiveness Evaluation Event Experimental Designs Face Goals Health Hospitalization Hospitals Imprisonment Individual Jail Lawyers Methods Modeling Montana North Dakota Outcome Participant Peer Review Play Policies Population Principal Investigator Public Health Public Policy Recording of previous events Records Relative (related person)Reporting Research Research Personnel Role Safety Societies Source South Dakota Supervision System Test Result Testing Traffic accidents Travel Wyoming aged alcohol misuse alcohol policy information system alcohol related problem alcohol testing cost cost effectiveness impaired driving performance improved innovation male men offender pressure prevent programs public health relevance recidivism research study sobriety social surveillance data trend

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcohol use, particularly among those in the criminal justice system, imposes tremendous costs on individuals and society. Policymakers are searching for ways to mitigate the threat alcohol poses to public health and safety even as budgetary pressures force them to consider keeping low-level offenders with alcohol problems in the community rather than incarcerated. With more than 5 million individuals under community supervision, even small reductions in alcohol consumption among this population can improve public health and public safety. This study proposes a rigorous evaluation of a large-scale and innovative program in South Dakota that has received significant attention as a successful approach to reducing alcohol consumption in community corrections settings. South Dakota's 24/7 Sobriety Program (24/7) requires that offenders submit to breathalyzer tests twice per day. Those testing positive or missing a test face an immediate, but brief, jail term. Since 2005 there have been more than 13,000 participants and our calculations suggest participation rates of at least 5% among all males aged 22-40. While 24/7 is touted as a national model and is being considered and adopted in other states, there is no peer-reviewed scientific evidence of its effectiveness or cost-effectiveness. Our proposed evaluation of 24/7 is innovative in its methods, access to data, and scope. The quasi- experimental approach, which exploits the staggered implementation of 24/7 across counties and offender types, is necessary to evaluate the large-scale implementation in the absence of random assignment. The evaluation is also strengthened by exceptional access to data on participants and non-participants and by the broader incident-level data on alcohol-related harms in the community. The specific aims are: Aim 1: Document the implementation and utilization of 24/7 across counties and offender types. Aim 2: Identify predictors of 24/7 program violations among participants. Aim 3: Estimate the effect of 24/7 participation on individual-level recidivism outcomes. Aim 4: Estimate the effect of 24/7 on health and social outcomes including alcohol-related traffic accidents, hospital admissions, arrests, and reported crimes. Aim 5: Monetize the costs and benefits of 24/7. The goal of this study is to provide policymakers and stakeholders within and beyond South Dakota with rigorous evidence regarding 24/7's effectiveness and cost-effectiveness to inform the ongoing policy debate about how to effectively use alcohol testing to reduce alcohol misuse and its consequences. This information is critical as fiscally-constrained states seek to reduce incarceration and effectively manage those with alcohol problems in the community while safeguarding public health and safety.

描述（由申请人提供）：饮酒，尤其是在刑事司法系统中的饮酒，对个人和社会施加了巨大的成本。政策制定者正在寻找减轻酒精对公共卫生和安全构成威胁的方法，即使预算压力迫使他们考虑使社区中的酒精问题保持低级罪犯，而不是被监禁。在社区监督下，有超过500万人的人，即使在该人群中饮酒的少量减少也可以改善公共卫生和公共安全。这项研究建议对南达科他州的大规模和创新计划进行严格的评估，该计划已受到重大关注，作为一种成功减少社区矫正环境中酒精消费的方法。南达科他州的24/7清醒计划（24/7）要求犯罪者每天两次接受呼气测试。那些测试阳性或错过考试的人面对即时但简短的监禁。自2005年以来，已经有13,000多名参与者，我们的计算表明，在所有22-40岁男性中，参与率至少为5％。尽管24/7被吹捧为一种国家模式，并在其他州被考虑和采用，但没有同行评审的科学证据表明其有效性或成本效益。我们对24/7的拟议评估在其方法，访问数据和范围方面具有创新性。在没有随机分配的情况下，必须评估大规模实施，从而利用跨县和罪犯类型的交错实施的准实验方法是必要的。通过特殊访问参与者和非参与者的数据以及社区中与酒精相关的危害的更广泛的事件级别数据，还可以加强评估。具体目的是：目标1：记录跨县和罪犯类型的24/7的实施和利用。 AIM 2：确定参与者24/7计划违规的预测因素。目标3：估计24/7参与对个人级累犯结果的影响。目标4：估计24/7对健康和社会成果的影响，包括与酒精有关的交通事故，住院，逮捕和报告的犯罪。目标5：将24/7的成本和收益获利。这项研究的目的是为南达科他州内外的政策制定者和利益相关者提供有关24/7的有效性和成本效益的严格证据，以告知正在进行的政策辩论，以了解如何有效地使用酒精测试来减少酒精滥用及其后果。此信息至关重要，因为财政约束的国家试图减少监禁，并有效地管理社区中有酒精问题的人，同时维护公共卫生和安全。