Developing a Culturally Relevant Model of Smoking Cessation among Latinos

在拉丁美洲人中制定与文化相关的戒烟模式

• 批准号: 8326084
• 负责人: Yessenia Castro
• 金额: $ 13.99万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8326084
• 关键词: Acculturation; Addictive Behavior; Address; Adult; Affect; Affective; Area; Award; Cancer Center; Cereals; Chronic Disease; Clinical Practice Guideline; Cognitive; Communities; Complex; Data; Data Analyses; Dependence; Development; Discrimination; Doctor of Medicine; Doctor of Philosophy; Educational workshop; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Exhibits; Faculty; Foundations; Funding; Gender; General Population; Goals; Grant; Health; Health behavior; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Latino; Learning; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Mainstreaming; Manuscripts; Mental Health; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Mentorship; Methods; Minority; Modeling; Motivation; National Cancer Institute; Pathway interactions; Population; Postdoctoral Fellow; Process; Public Health; Publications; Questionnaires; Race; Reading; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk Behaviors; Sampling; Science; Scientist; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Cessation Intervention; Social support; Societies; Socioeconomic Status; Statistical Methods; Statistical Models; Stress; Stressful Event; Surgeon; Techniques; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco Dependence; Tobacco Use Cessation; Tobacco use; Training; Underserved Population; United States; Universities; University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer Center; Work; Writing; addiction; cancer prevention; cancer risk; career; clinical practice; experience; health disparity; high risk; improved; knowledge base; member; physical conditioning; programs; psychosocial; skills; smoking cessation; smoking prevalence; social; socioeconomics; stressor; success; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Yessenia Castro, Ph.D., is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Health Disparities Research at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC). She is seeking five years of funding through the National Cancer Institute's Mentored Research Scientist Development Award to Promote Diversity (K01). Dr. Castro conducts research examining social, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and cultural determinants of smoking cessation in minority and underserved populations under the mentorship of Dr. David Wetter. MDACC provides an unusually rich training environment that includes an extraordinary number of workshops, seminars, and courses; outstanding opportunities for developing skills in grant writing, publication, and project management; and superb resources for assisting young investigators. Dr. Castro's long term career goals are to serve as an independent, research-oriented faculty member in a university environment, and to develop a program of research focused on understanding culturally relevant influences of cancer risk behaviors, with a particular focus on smoking among Latinos. Such a program could improve smoking cessation interventions tailored for or targeted at Latinos, and ultimately aid in eliminating health disparities among this population. In the current proposal, Dr. Castro delineates four short term goals to be achieved throughout the award period that are intended to serve as the foundation for an independent research career. These are: 1) accumulate a strong knowledge base in the social, cognitive, and affective mechanisms and processes involved in tobacco dependence and cessation among underserved adult populations; 2)extend her current knowledge of research on gender and race/ethnicity into the area of cancer prevention; particularly, smoking cessation among Latinos; 3) gain knowledge and experience in culturally competent community level research from a public health perspective, and; 4) learn the appropriate statistical methods and modeling techniques for evaluating complex longitudinal data. These goals will be achieved through a combination of: 1) rigorous formal coursework and directed readings; 2) numerous professional development experiences; 3) numerous project implementation, data analysis, and manuscript writing/publication experiences, and; 4) intensive mentoring by a team of highly successful scientists with diverse expertise, such that each mentor can provide invaluable guidance in achieving a specific short term goal, but most can advise about more than one goal. The proposed research plan seeks to address the paucity of existing research addressing the mechanisms underlying smoking cessation among Latinos. Research in addictions and health behavior has identified a number of individual-level factors that are key determinants of smoking cessation including social/environmental, inter-/intrapersonal, and cognitive/affective factors. Emerging research suggests that many of the known determinants of smoking cessation may be of equal importance to minority smokers, but more research is needed in this area, as noted by several prominent publications including the Surgeon General's Report and the Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence Clinical Practice Guideline. Further, with the exception of data addressing the influence of acculturation on smoking prevalence, almost nothing is known about the effect of acculturation and other culturally relevant variables (e.g., acculturative stress, perceived discrimination) on the process of smoking cessation. Thus, the proposed project will utilize data from three longitudinal studies of Latino smokers to examine the impact of culturally relevant factors on mechanisms of smoking cessation. The ultimate goal of this project is to develop and evaluate a comprehensive conceptual model linking cultural factors to mechanisms of smoking cessation that is informed by previous work addressing the impact of culture on mental and physical health, socioeconomic status influences on health, and theories of addictive behaviors. Additionally, the project will evaluate specific, fine-grained hypotheses using data collected with state-of-the-science ecological momentary assessment techniques.

描述（由申请人提供）：Yessenia Castro 博士是德克萨斯大学 MD 安德森癌症中心 (MDACC) 健康差异研究部的博士后研究员。她正在通过国家癌症研究所的导师研究科学家促进多样性发展奖 (K01) 寻求五年的资助。卡斯特罗博士在大卫·韦特博士的指导下开展了研究，探讨少数族裔和服务水平低下人群戒烟的社会、人际、内心和文化决定因素。 MDACC 提供异常丰富的培训环境，其中包括数量众多的研讨会、研讨会和课程；发展拨款写作、出版和项目管理技能的绝佳机会；以及协助年轻调查人员的优质资源。 卡斯特罗博士的长期职业目标是在大学环境中担任独立的、以研究为导向的教职人员，并制定一项研究计划，重点了解癌症风险行为的文化相关影响，特别关注拉丁美洲人的吸烟问题。这样的计划可以改善针对拉丁裔的戒烟干预措施，并最终有助于消除该人群之间的健康差距。 在当前的提案中，卡斯特罗博士描绘了在整个奖励期内要实现的四个短期目标，旨在为独立研究生涯奠定基础。这些是： 1) 在服务不足的成年人群中涉及烟草依赖和戒烟的社会、认知和情感机制和过程方面积累强大的知识基础； 2）将她目前的性别和种族/民族研究知识扩展到癌症预防领域；特别是拉丁美洲人的戒烟； 3) 从公共卫生角度获得具有文化能力的社区层面研究的知识和经验； 4）学习评估复杂纵向数据的适当统计方法和建模技术。这些目标将通过以下组合来实现：1）严格的正式课程作业和定向阅读； 2）丰富的专业发展经验； 3) 丰富的项目实施、数据分析和稿件撰写/发表经验； 4）由具有不同专业知识的非常成功的科学家团队进行密集指导，这样每个导师都可以为实现特定的短期目标提供宝贵的指导，但大多数导师可以就多个目标提供建议。 拟议的研究计划旨在解决现有研究缺乏解决拉丁裔戒烟机制的问题。对成瘾和健康行为的研究已经确定了许多个人层面的因素，这些因素是戒烟的关键决定因素，包括社会/环境、人与人之间以及认知/情感因素。新兴研究表明，许多已知的戒烟决定因素可能对少数吸烟者同样重要，但这一领域还需要更多的研究，包括《外科医生报告》和《治疗烟草使用和依赖临床实践》等几份著名出版物所指出的那样指导方针。此外，除了涉及文化适应对吸烟率影响的数据外，关于文化适应和其他文化相关变量（例如文化压力、感知歧视）对戒烟过程的影响几乎一无所知。因此，拟议的项目将利用来自拉丁裔吸烟者的三项纵向研究的数据来研究文化相关因素对戒烟机制的影响。该项目的最终目标是开发和评估一个将文化因素与戒烟机制联系起来的综合概念模型，该模型借鉴了之前的研究成果，涉及文化对身心健康的影响、社会经济地位对健康的影响以及成瘾理论。行为。此外，该项目将使用最先进的生态瞬时评估技术收集的数据来评估具体的、细粒度的假设。