Mexican Female Migration, Substance Use, Sex Work, and HIV Risks in Tijuana

蒂华纳的墨西哥女性移民、药物使用、性工作和艾滋病毒风险

• 批准号: 8247152
• 负责人: VICTORIA D OJEDA
• 金额: $ 17.16万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-04-15 至 2014-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8247152
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Accounting; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Affect; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Behavior; Blood; California; Cities; Client; Communities; Complex; Contacting Client; Country; Coupled; Data; Destinations; Disadvantaged; Doctor of Philosophy; Drug usage; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemic; Ethics; Family; Female; Financial Gift; Focus Groups; Frequencies; Future; General Population; Goals; HIV; Health; Health Services Research; Health Status; Housing; Incidence; Income; Infection; Injecting drug user; Intervention; Interview; Investigation; K-Series Research Career Programs; Learning; Life; Light; Link; Marketing; Mental Health; Mentors; Methods; Mexican; Mexico; Minority; Nomads; Paper; Pattern; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Policies; Population; Population Study; Poverty; Prevalence; Principal Investigator; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Publishing Peer Reviews; Questionnaires; Research; Research Methodology; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Role; Sampling; Savings; Sex Behavior; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Social isolation; Structure; Training; Transportation; Unsafe Sex; Visit; Vulnerable Populations; Woman; Work; base; career; depressive symptoms; design; experience; high risk; high risk behavior; meetings; member; migration; programs; public health relevance; sex; skills; social; theories; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This 5 year career development award will provide the candidate with training in mixed research methods and their applications to understanding substance use and migration impacts on HIV and blood borne infections (BBIs) in minority and vulnerable populations. The new qualitative and mixed-methods training coupled with a Ph.D. in public health and prior health services research will prepare the candidate for independent, policy oriented research on complex social and migration factors in HIV prevention in minority and disadvantaged communities. The proposed career and training goals employ didactic and mentored learning to: (1) Develop a thorough understanding of social and environmental factors that contribute to substance use and facilitate transmission of BBIs in migrants; (2) Acquire expertise in developing and implementing mixed-methods protocols (i.e., qualitative and quantitative methods) to study substance use issues; (3) Obtain ongoing training in the ethical conduct in research, especially vis-¿-vis vulnerable populations; (4) Develop the skills necessary for a successful academic research career (e.g., publishing peer reviewed papers, presenting at professional meetings, grantsmanship); and (5) Acquire an in-depth understanding of theory-based interventions that may reduce transmission of BBIs among migrant injection drug users (IDUs). A key aspect of this training involves investigating the influence of migration on risky substance use and sexual behaviors among migrant female sex workers who inject drugs (FSW-IDUs) in Tijuana, a city on the U.S.-Mexico border. The prevalence of HIV in FSW-IDUs is 12.3% This study uses a mixed-methods approach to (1) characterize prior and future migration decisions and resources of FSW- IDUs in Tijuana; (2) Describe the influence of community and family migration experiences on FSW-IDUs' decisions to engage in sex work and substance use behaviors, and (3) Examine the relationship between migration factors and engagement in risky sex and substance use behaviors. Data generated from this study will be used by the applicant to develop an R01 or R34 targeting migrant FSW-IDUs and HIV risks in the U.S.-Mexico border region. RELEVANCE (See instnjections): The public health relevance of this study lies in the study population's role as a bridge population, meaning that sexually transmitted infections or other BBIs may become generalized through engagement in risky sex and substance use behaviors by FSw-IDUs and their clients to other populations residing in the U.S.-Mexico border region as well as tourists to the region.

描述（由申请人提供）：这个为期 5 年的职业发展奖将为候选人提供混合研究方法及其应用的培训，以了解物质使用和移民对少数族裔和弱势群体中艾滋病毒和血源性感染 (BBI) 的影响。混合方法培训与公共卫生和先前的卫生服务研究相结合，将为候选人做好针对少数族裔和弱势社区艾滋病毒预防的复杂社会和移民因素的独立、政策导向的研究的准备。采用教学和指导学习，以： (1) 全面了解导致物质使用和促进移民 BBI 传播的社会和环境因素； (2) 获得制定和实施混合方法方案（即定性和定量）的专业知识； (3) 获得研究道德行为方面的持续培训，特别是针对-针对弱势群体；(4) 培养成功学术研究生涯所需的技能（例如，发表同行评审论文、在专业会议上发言、资助）；以及 (5) 深入了解基于理论的干预措施，可能会减少移民注射吸毒者 (IDU) 中 BBI 的传播 该培训的一个关键方面是调查移民对蒂华纳注射吸毒移民女性性工作者 (FSW-IDU) 的危险药物使用和性行为的影响。美国-墨西哥边境的一个城市，FSW-IDU 中的艾滋病毒感染率为 12.3% 本研究采用混合方法来 (1) 描述蒂华纳 FSW-IDU 之前和未来的移民决定和资源 (2)；描述社区和家庭移民经历对 FSW-IDU 决定从事性工作和药物滥用行为的影响，以及 (3) 检查移民因素与参与危险性行为和药物滥用之间的关系申请人将使用本研究产生的数据来制定针对美国-墨西哥边境地区的移民 FSW-IDU 和 HIV 风险的 R01 或 R34 相关性（参见说明）：本研究的公共卫生相关性在于。研究人群作为桥梁人群的作用，这意味着性传播感染或其他 BBI 可能会通过 FSw-IDU 及其客户向其他人群进行危险的性行为和药物使用行为而变得普遍化居住在美国-墨西哥边境地区以及前往该地区的游客。