Neural processing and perception of complex sounds

复杂声音的神经处理和感知

• 批准号: 8292811
• 负责人: Gunsoo Kim
• 金额: $ 15.45万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-04-01 至 2015-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8292811
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Animal Model; Area; Auditory; Auditory Perception; Auditory area; Auditory system; Behavior; Birds; Communication; Complex; Dimensions; Discrimination; Disease; Ensure; Face; Feedback; Functional disorder; Hearing; Human; Information Theory; Lateral; Learning; Life; Mammals; Maps; Medial; Neurons; Outcome; Output; Pathology; Perception; Pharmacology; Process; Property; Prosencephalon; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Songbirds; Speech Perception; Stimulus; Study models; Techniques; Testing; Width; Work; base; communication behavior; coping; gain of function; hearing impairment; in vivo; insight; neural circuit; novel; receptive field; relating to nervous system; research study; sound; speech processing; statistics; vocalization; zebra finch

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term objective of the proposed study is to deepen our mechanistic understanding of complex sound processing and to relate cortical neural representations to auditory perception. To this end, I propose to study complex sound processing in a central auditory circuit of a species with rich vocal communication behavior - the auditory forebrain of songbirds. Songbirds provide an excellent model for studying general principles of higher-level sound processing, because of the complex auditory tasks they face. Moreover, they possess a hierarchical network of auditory areas that subserve these tasks, including the avian equivalent of primary auditory cortex, field L. I recently found that in field there is an orderly organization of simple temporal and spectral receptive fields. This organized representation of sound features provides a framework for investigating cortical processing of complex sounds. In the proposed experiments, I will further investigate the representation at the single neuron level, by probing with natural vocalization stimuli and by mapping nonlinear receptive fields, using an information theory-based technique called maximally informative dimensions. To begin to address the circuit mechanisms that give rise to the representation, I will then map the receptive fields in field L again while selectively inactivating different subregions of field L. Finally, I will test the hypothesis that field L subregions with different tning properties differentially contribute to perception of complex sounds, by inactivating subregions of field L while birds perform operant song discrimination tasks. The outcome of the proposed study will not only further our basic understanding of how spectrotemporal receptive field arise through neural circuits and how they relate to perception, but will also have important implications for treating auditory disorders. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Basic understanding of neural processing of complex communication signals is crucial for devising strategies to cope with hearing impairments in humans. The proposed study, which uses a tractable animal model with rich vocal communication and learning behavior, has potential to provide novel insights into the general principles of complex sound processing. The outcome will have implications for speech perception, hearing dysfunction, and many other diseases in which auditory dysfunction has been implicated.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究的长期目标是加深我们对复杂声音处理的机械理解，并将皮质神经表现形式与听觉感知联系起来。为此，我建议在具有丰富声带交流行为的物种的中央听觉电路中研究复杂的声音处理 - 鸣禽的听觉前脑。鸣禽为研究高级声音处理的一般原理提供了一个极好的模型，因为它们面临的复杂听觉任务。此外，它们拥有一个听觉区域的分层网络，可以处理这些任务，包括相当于主听觉皮层的鸟类。这种有组织的声音表现为研究复杂声音的皮质处理提供了一个框架。在拟议的实验中，我将使用一种基于信息理论的技术最大程度地吸引信息的维度来进一步研究单个神经元水平的表示形式，并通过自然发声刺激探测和绘制非线性接收场。为了开始解决引起表示形式的电路机制，我将再次绘制田间L中的接收场，同时选择性地灭活了场L的不同子区域。最后，我将测试以下假设：具有不同Tning属性的田野L子区域不同地促进了复杂声音的感知，从而通过触发LIFF LIFF of COMPFECTS声音，同时通过鸟类的角色差异攻击命中率，而鸟类差异差异。拟议的研究的结果不仅将进一步我们对光谱接受场如何通过神经回路以及它们与感知联系的基本理解，而且还将对治疗听觉障碍具有重要意义。 公共卫生相关性：对复杂沟通信号的神经处理的基本理解对于制定应对人类听力障碍的策略至关重要。拟议的研究使用具有丰富声音交流和学习行为的可寓言动物模型，具有对复杂声音处理的一般原理的新颖见解。结果将对语音感知，听力功能障碍以及涉及听觉功能障碍的许多其他疾病有影响。