Marijuana Cues, Arousal and the Central Autonomic Network

大麻暗示、唤醒和中央自主网络

• 批准号: 8073293
• 负责人: MARSHA E. BATES
• 金额: $ 22.77万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-01 至 2014-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8073293
• 关键词: Abstinence; Activation Analysis; Addictive Behavior; Affect; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Amygdaloid structure; Area; Arousal; Autonomic nervous system; Back; Baroreflex; Behavior; Biofeedback; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Brain Stem; Brain imaging; Brain region; Cardiovascular Physiology; Cardiovascular system; Chronic; Cognitive; Cues; Data; Drug Use Disorder; Drug usage; Electrocardiogram; Emotional; Emotions; Environment; Fingers; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Graph; Human; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Learning; Link; Marijuana; Marijuana Smoking; Medial; Methodology; Modeling; Nervous System Physiology; Neuraxis; Participant; Peripheral Nervous System; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physiologic pulse; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevention; Process; Psychophysiology; Public Health; Regulation; Relapse; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Respiration; Role; Smoker; Smoking; Stimulus; Structure; Support System; System; Time; Training; Translational Research; Visceral; Vision; Visual; Work; addiction; cue reactivity; design; drug craving; drug of abuse; emerging adult; emotional experience; emotional reaction; experience; feeding; improved; interest; marijuana user; memory process; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; novel strategies; operation; relating to nervous system; research study; response; skills

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application is in response to PAR-09-073 to facilitate the entry of two addiction researchers into the area of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We are currently characterizing moment-to-moment changes in cardiovascular arousal in response to emotionally-valenced and appetitive visual cues. This research focus is of substantial public health significance due to the fundamental role of cue reactivity and drug craving in motivating alcohol and drug seeking, use, and relapse following treatment. Visceral changes in autonomic nervous system (ANS) functions contribute significantly to the phenomenal experience of emotional arousal through extensive ANS and central nervous system (CNS) interconnections and the baroreflex. Yet, understanding of dynamic mechanisms that control cue reactivity has been hampered by conceptualizing ANS functions in isolation from the neural system(s) within which they operate. We seek to apply a neurophysiological systems approach to characterize how intra-individual changes in functional, regulatory aspects of emotional arousal in response to environmental cues are integrated across the ANS and CNS. The specific aims are to gain expertise in fMRI methodology and analysis, and to apply this expertise to study a dynamic neural system that modulates cardiovascular response to drug cues. As proof-of-concept, an experiment merging psychophysiological and neuroimaging methodologies is proposed as a fMRI and connectivity analysis learning vehicle (Aim 1) and to examine substantive differences in integrated brain and cardiovascular system response to marijuana-related picture cues in regular marijuana users compared to matched controls who do not use marijuana (Aim 2). fMRI data during cue exposure will be gathered using a 3-Tesla magnet, and the spread of activation between brain regions involved in arousal modulation will be examined using brain connectivity analysis. Activation and connectivity of three brain regions (medial prefrontal cortex, amygdala, brain stem) will be quantitatively linked to cardiovascular modulation within a graph theoretical connectivity model. If successful, this application will yield (1) preliminary support for a new approach wherein ANS reactivity can be linked dynamically (in a time-varying manner, not as a correlation) to neural systems that modulate cue reactivity, (2) new knowledge about how activation in three brain regions interrelates with baroreflex modulation of cardiovascular response to cues, and (3) the groundwork for translational research aimed at evaluating whether biofeedback interventions that improve specific cardiovascular functions can be used to affect inhibition in brain systems that control arousal in response to drug cues. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Cues in the environment, such as the sight of someone smoking, can produce a powerful emotional reaction that increases the likelihood that susceptible individuals will seek or use a drug of choice, even following periods of abstinence. The visceral experience of emotional arousal is an important component of reactivity to drug cues. This application seeks to characterize how the autonomic nervous system works together with the brain to control visceral response to marijuana cues.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请是为了响应 PAR-09-073，以促进两名成瘾研究人员进入功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 领域。我们目前正在描述心血管唤醒对情绪和食欲视觉线索的反应的每时每刻的变化。由于线索反应性和药物渴望在刺激酒精和药物寻求、使用和治疗后复发方面发挥着根本作用，因此该研究重点具有重大的公共卫生意义。自主神经系统 (ANS) 功能的内脏变化通过广泛的 ANS 和中枢神经系统 (CNS) 互连以及压力反射，对情绪唤醒的非凡体验做出了重大贡献。然而，由于将 ANS 功能与它们运行的​​神经系统隔离开来进行概念化，因此对控制提示反应性的动态机制的理解受到了阻碍。我们寻求应用神经生理学系统方法来描述个体内部情绪唤醒的功能和调节方面的变化如何响应环境线索，并在 ANS 和 CNS 中整合。具体目标是获得功能磁共振成像方法和分析方面的专业知识，并应用这些专业知识来研究调节心血管对药物线索反应的动态神经系统。作为概念验证，提出了一项融合心理生理学和神经影像学方法的实验，作为功能磁共振成像和连通性分析学习工具（目标 1），并检查常规大麻使用者的大脑和心血管系统对大麻相关图片线索的综合反应的实质性差异与不使用大麻的匹配对照相比（目标 2）。将使用 3 特斯拉磁铁收集线索暴露期间的功能磁共振成像数据，并使用大脑连接分析来检查参与唤醒调节的大脑区域之间的激活扩散。三个大脑区域（内侧前额叶皮层、杏仁核、脑干）的激活和连接将在图论连接模型中与心血管调节定量相关。如果成功，该应用将产生（1）对新方法的初步支持，其中 ANS 反应性可以动态地（以时变方式，而不是相关性）与调节提示反应性的神经系统联系起来，（2）关于三个大脑区域的激活如何与心血管对线索反应的压力反射调节相互关联，以及（3）转化研究的基础，旨在评估改善特定心血管功能的生物反馈干预措施是否可用于影响控制反应唤醒的大脑系统的抑制药物暗示。 公共卫生相关性：环境中的暗示，例如看到某人吸烟，可能会产生强烈的情绪反应，从而增加易感人群寻求或使用所选药物的可能性，即使是在禁欲期之后也是如此。情绪唤起的本能体验是对药物线索反应的重要组成部分。该应用程序旨在描述自主神经系统如何与大脑一起工作来控制对大麻线索的内脏反应。