Cortico-cortical interactions of parietal and frontal lobe during volitional move

意志运动过程中顶叶和额叶的皮质-皮质相互作用

• 批准号: 8060981
• 负责人: Naveen Gandham Rao
• 金额: $ 1.93万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-01-16 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8060981
• 关键词: Area; Back; Brain; Cells; Clinical; Code; Cues; Devices; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Environment; Feedback; Goals; Hand; Health; Human; Intention; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Lesion; Link; Maps; Modeling; Monkeys; Motor; Motor Cortex; Motor Neuron Disease; Movement; Movement Disorders; Mus; Muscle; Neural Conduction; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neurons; Paralysed; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Patients; Performance; Population; Positioning Attribute; Process; Quadriplegia; Research; Role; Science; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Solutions; Spinal cord injury; Stroke; System; Techniques; Testing; Theoretical model; Therapeutic; Time; Update; arm; base; brain machine interface; frontal lobe; improved; neural prosthesis; pursuit tracking; research study; sensory feedback

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A central problem in planning and performing sensory-guided actions is the neural conduction delay in propagating a signal from the cortex to the muscles and the delay of sensory feedback indicating that the intended movement was achieved. A purely reactive system would not explain the timing precision achieved during movement because feedback arrives too late to effectively update an ongoing movement. This problem necessitates a learned mapping from an intended movement to a likely motor command that will achieve that intention in a given environment. Understanding how this is done in the cortex will elucidate general cortical computation mechanisms as well as provide a better understanding of how to build neural prosthetics as a therapeutic device for quadriplegia or other movement disorders. Lesion studies and previous electrophysiological studies provide some clue where these models reside in the brain and have suggested that cortico-cortical interactions between posterior parietal cortex (PPC) and motor cortex may compute these models. However, no study has directly linked interactions of cortical areas with these theoretical models. In this study the use of dual multi-electrode arrays will allow the observation of groups of neurons in each of two connected cortical areas simultaneously during pursuit-tracking with the arm. A transient perturbation to hand position will be applied to induce errors in a forward sensory model. We propose that parietal area PE (part of PPC), in concert with motor cortex (MI), calculates a forward sensory model based on motor command, and that error signals computed from this model cause MI to drive corrective movements on a perturbation. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The importance and health relevance of this project are in the direct knowledge of how information is processed in the brain and how this information may be extracted and interpreted. In a clinical setting, the emerging field of brain-machine interfaces has been showing promise as a therapeutic device for patients with quadriplegia brought about by spinal cord injury or motor neuron disease and this type of research provides the science backing these solutions. In 2004, it was demonstrated by our lab that signals correlating with movement intention were observed in human patients that have been paralyzed for years. This knowledge combined with monkey studies of movement planning information in the cortex quickly allowed the decoding of these signals into mouse cursor movements. The science of what information is represented in cortical signals continues to improve decoding of signals for neural prosthetics applications.

描述（由申请人提供）：计划和执行感觉引导动作的一个中心问题是从皮层到肌肉传播信号的神经传导延迟以及指示已实现预期运动的感觉反馈的延迟。纯粹的反应系统无法解释运动过程中实现的计时精度，因为反馈到达得太晚，无法有效更新正在进行的运动。这个问题需要学习从预期运动到可能的运动命令的映射，以在给定环境中实现该意图。了解这是如何在皮层中完成的将阐明一般的皮层计算机制，并更好地理解如何构建神经假体作为四肢瘫痪或其他运动障碍的治疗装置。病变研究和之前的电生理学研究提供了一些线索，这些模型在大脑中的位置，并表明后顶叶皮层（PPC）和运动皮层之间的皮质-皮质相互作用可以计算这些模型。然而，没有研究将皮质区域的相互作用与这些理论模型直接联系起来。在这项研究中，使用双多电极阵列将允许在手臂追踪期间同时观察两个连接的皮质区域中的每一个中的神经元组。对手部位置的瞬态扰动将用于在前向感觉模型中引入误差。我们提出顶叶区 PE（PPC 的一部分）与运动皮层（MI）相结合，计算基于运动命令的前向感觉模型，并且从该模型计算出的误差信号导致 MI 在扰动时驱动纠正运动。 公共卫生相关性：该项目的重要性和健康相关性在于直接了解大脑如何处理信息以及如何提取和解释这些信息。在临床环境中，新兴的脑机接口领域已显示出作为治疗因脊髓损伤或运动神经元疾病引起的四肢瘫痪患者的设备的前景，此类研究为这些解决方案提供了科学支持。 2004年，我们的实验室证明，在瘫痪多年的人类患者中观察到了与运动意图相关的信号。这些知识与猴子对皮层运动规划信息的研究相结合，很快就能将这些信号解码为鼠标光标的运动。关于皮质信号所代表的信息的科学不断改进神经修复应用的信号解码。