Gender Power and HIV-Related Sexual Risk Behavior in Older African American Women

老年非洲裔美国女性的性别权力和艾滋病毒相关性风险行为

• 批准号: 8205083
• 负责人: Tanyka K. Smith
• 金额: $ 3.07万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8205083
• 关键词: Accounting; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Address; Adult; Affect; African American; Age; Attitude; Behavior; Behavioral; Belief; Caring; Cause of Death; Community Health Centers; Data Analyses; Decision Making; Development; Drug usage; Employment; Epidemic; Face; Female; Frequencies; Future; Gender; Gender Role; HIV; Happiness; Health; Healthy People 2010; Heterosexuals; Incidence; Individual; Injection of therapeutic agent; Intervention; Life; Literature; Logistic Regressions; Mediation; National Institute of Nursing Research; New York City; Nursing Research; Participant; Patients; Perception; Population; Poverty; Prevention Research; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Questionnaires; Recruitment Activity; Relative Risks; Research; Risk; Risk Reduction; Route; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Site; Strategic Planning; Subgroup; Techniques; Vulnerable Populations; Woman; base; behavior influence; condoms; consistent condom use; experience; follow-up; health disparity; high risk; high risk sexual behavior; medically underserved population; prospective; protective behavior; public health research; sex risk; sexual relationship; sexually active; social; theories; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Heterosexual transmission of Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affects older African American (AA) women in epidemic proportions; AIDS is now the fifth leading cause of death among AA women ages 50 and older. Yet, there is a paucity of research and risk reduction interventions that target this vulnerable population. Older urban AA women living in poverty face a disproportionately higher risk of becoming infected with HIV. Although some studies of HIV- related sexual risk have included older AA women in small numbers, the findings of these studies did not address the social normative roles and gender power related factors that may influence condom use intentions. Older AA women's ability to effectively negotiate condom use maybe influenced by their sexual risk behaviors and protective strategies including perceptions, attitudes, and beliefs about condoms as well as by their power beliefs in their sexual relationships. Most HIV research and public health interventions target white women and younger AA women. Thus, our understanding of the influences of HIV sexual risk among older AA women is limited. The proposed prospective quantitative study seeks to examine factors that influence older urban AA women's HIV-related sexual risk and protective behaviors, including condom use. The aims for the proposed study are to: (1) prospectively examine the influence of HIV-related behavioral beliefs, normative beliefs, control beliefs, relationship factors and relationship power with condom use intentions at 3-month follow-up among older urban AA women; and (2) prospectively examine the influence of HIV-related behavioral beliefs, normative beliefs, control beliefs, relationship factors and relationship power with condom use frequency at 3-month follow-up among older urban AA women. A sample of 228 AA women over age 50 will be recruited from community health centers in the Brooklyn and Queens boroughs of New York City and asked to complete questionnaires at baseline and 3-month follow-up. These sites provide care for a large number of patients from culturally diverse and medically underserved populations. Participants will be questioned regarding their demographic background, employment, SES, condom use and sexual risk-related beliefs and attitudes, relationships and relationship power, and their intentions and actual use of condoms. Multiple logistic regression and/or relative risk techniques will be used to analyze the data. The findings of the study will inform the development of theory-based, age- and culture-specific HIV risk reduction interventions for older urban AA women. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Older African American women face a disproportionately high risk for becoming infected with HIV. However, our understanding of the influences of HIV sexual risk among older African American women is very limited as most HIV prevention research and interventions have targeted younger women. The proposed quantitative study seeks to address this gap in the literature by prospectively examining the influence of individual factors (beliefs and attitudes) and socio-cultural factors (gender/relationship power) on older urban African American women's condom use intentions and behaviors.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 的异性传播对老年非洲裔美国 (AA) 妇女造成流行病；艾滋病现在是 50 岁及以上 AA 女性的第五大死因。然而，针对这一弱势群体的研究和降低风险干预措施却很少。生活在贫困中的老年城市 AA 妇女感染艾滋病毒的风险要高得多。尽管一些有关艾滋病毒相关性风险的研究纳入了少量老年 AA 女性，但这些研究的结果并未涉及可能影响安全套使用意图的社会规范角色和性别权力相关因素。老年 AA 女性有效协商安全套使用的能力可能受到她们的性危险行为和保护策略的影响，包括对安全套的看法、态度和信念，以及她们对性关系的权力信念。大多数艾滋病毒研究和公共卫生干预措施都针对白人女性和年轻的 AA 女性。因此，我们对艾滋病毒性风险对老年 AA 女性的影响的了解是有限的。拟议的前瞻性定量研究旨在探讨影响老年城市 AA 女性艾滋病毒相关性风险和保护行为（包括安全套使用）的因素。本研究的目的是：(1) 前瞻性研究 3 个月随访中老年城市 AA 女性中与 HIV 相关的行为信念、规范信念、控制信念、关系因素和关系力量对安全套使用意向的影响; (2) 前瞻性研究城市 AA 老年女性 3 个月随访时与 HIV 相关的行为信念、规范信念、控制信念、关系因素和关系力量对安全套使用频率的影响。将从纽约市布鲁克林区和皇后区的社区卫生中心招募 228 名 50 岁以上的 AA 女性样本，并要求他们在基线和 3 个月的随访中完成调查问卷。这些站点为来自文化多元化和医疗服务不足的人群的大量患者提供护理。参与者将被询问有关他们的人口背景、就业、社会经济地位、安全套使用和性风险相关的信念和态度、关系和关系力量、以及他们使用安全套的意图和实际使用情况。将使用多重逻辑回归和/或相对风险技术来分析数据。该研究的结果将为针对老年城市 AA 女性制定基于理论、针对年龄和文化的艾滋病毒风险降低干预措施提供信息。 公共卫生相关性：老年非洲裔美国女性感染艾滋病毒的风险极高。然而，我们对老年非洲裔美国女性艾滋病毒性风险影响的了解非常有限，因为大多数艾滋病毒预防研究和干预措施都针对年轻女性。拟议的定量研究旨在通过前瞻性研究个人因素（信仰和态度）和社会文化因素（性别/关系权力）对老年城市非裔美国女性安全套使用意图和行为的影响来解决文献中的这一空白。