Smoking and Mental Illness in the United States: A History

美国的吸烟与精神疾病：一段历史

基本信息

批准号：
8142213
负责人：
LAURA D. HIRSHBEIN
金额：
$ 5万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-09-30 至 2013-09-29
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8142213
关键词：
Address Advertisements Advocate Affect Air Americas Archives Area Awareness Behavioral Biochemical California Cigarette Development Emotional Feeling General Population Health Policy Hospitals Industry Institution Journals Letters Literature Manuals Mental disorders Mentally Ill Persons Movement Neurologic Newspapers Nicotine Patient Rights Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Policies Population Population Study Psyche structure Psychiatric Hospitals Psychiatric therapeutic procedure Public Health Publications Recording of previous events Research Role Sampling Smoke Smoker Smoking Smoking Behavior Smoking History Smoking and Health Research Source Tobacco Tobacco Industry Touch sensation Training United States Writing advocacy organizations emotional distress falls fascinate high risk improved movie rapid growth smoking cessation time use tobacco control

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In 1987, a patient in a California psychiatric hospital wrote to the R.J. Reynolds tobacco company with a request: "We mentally ill, or allegedly mentally ill, smoke a lot. Most patients here are smokers and we buy a lot of your cigarettes. - Many of us like or are addicted to cigarettes -we are often too poor to buy them - then we have to share them - and suffer. Do you think your company could send us free samples? Any brand would do."' This letter, as well as others like it located in tobacco industry archives, speaks to the attachment that mentally ill patients have long had for their cigarettes, as well as their positive feelings toward the industry that makes them. Indeed, the mentally ill now constitute a significant portion of the remaining smokers in the United States, and they remain a population that has not been easily affected by the rapid growth of smoking cessation campaigns. As historian Allan Brandt has demonstrated, the rise and fall of the cigarette in America is a fascinating story - in particular because of the ongoing efforts of the tobacco industry to confuse issues around smoking and health. Yet relatively little is known about the history of smoking in one of the industry's most loyal groups: the mentally ill. My project will explore the history of three main areas relating to the connection between smoking and mental illness, particularly in the second half of the twentieth century. First, I will examine evidence regarding the role of smoking in mental institutions, a focal point for psychiatric care for the mentally ill for most of the century. Second, I will explore the activities of the tobacco industry around the biochemical and behavioral aspects of smoking, with a focus on the industry's awareness of mentally ill patients' attachment to cigarettes and the mental and emotional effects of nicotine. Finally, I will look at smoking cessation initiatives from the perspective of the mentally ill and their advocates who were often dubious - if not outright opposed -to the argument that smoking cessation would improve the lives of the mentally ill. This is an exciting topic that both gives voice to a marginalized population and addresses an important issue in public health policy.

描述（由申请人提供）： 1987 年，加州一家精神病医院的一名患者写信给 R.J.雷诺兹烟草公司提出要求：“我们患有精神病，或据称患有精神病，抽烟很多。这里的大多数病人都是吸烟者，我们买了很多你们的香烟。 - 我们中的许多人喜欢或沉迷于香烟 - 我们经常也吸烟穷人买不起它们 - 那么我们必须分享它们 - 你认为你的公司可以向我们发送免费样品吗？任何品牌都可以。”这封信以及烟草行业档案中的其他类似信函谈到了这一点。附件精神病患者长期以来对香烟的喜爱，以及他们对香烟制造行业的积极感受。事实上，精神病患者现在占美国剩余吸烟者的很大一部分，而且他们仍然是不容易受到快速增长的戒烟运动影响的人群。正如历史学家艾伦·勃兰特（Allan Brandt）所证明的那样，卷烟在美国的兴衰是一个引人入胜的故事 - 特别是因为烟草业不断努力混淆吸烟和健康问题。然而，对于该行业最忠诚的群体之一：精神病患者的吸烟史，人们知之甚少。我的项目将探索与吸烟和精神疾病之间的联系有关的三个主要领域的历史，特别是在二十世纪下半叶。首先，我将研究有关吸烟在精神病院中的作用的证据，精神病院是本世纪大部分时间对精神病患者进行精神科护理的焦点。其次，我将探讨烟草业围绕吸烟的生化和行为方面的活动，重点关注该行业对精神病患者对香烟的依恋以及尼古丁对精神和情绪影响的认识。最后，我将从精神病患者及其倡导者的角度来审视戒烟举措，他们经常对戒烟会改善精神病患者生活的论点表示怀疑（如果不是完全反对的话）。这是一个令人兴奋的话题，既为边缘化人群提供了发言权，又解决了公共卫生政策中的一个重要问题。