Mechanisms Involved in Age-Related Loss of Muscle Mass and Growth Response

与年龄相关的肌肉质量损失和生长反应的机制

• 批准号: 8277635
• 负责人: Sue C Bodine
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: VA NORTHERN CALIFORNIA HEALTH CARE SYS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-01 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8277635
• 关键词: 26S proteasome; Acetylation; Activities of Daily Living; Adult; Affect; Age; Age-Months; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Aging-Related Process; Amino Acids; Animal Model; Animals; Atrophic; Bed rest; Biogenesis; Biological Assay; Calpain; Cathepsins B; Cell Respiration; Clinical; Cues; Degradation Pathway; Development; Diet; Elderly; Equilibrium; Exercise; Genes; Goals; Growth; Growth Factor; HDAC4 gene; Harvest; Health; High Pressure Liquid Chromatography; Hindlimb; Hormones; Human; Hypertrophy; Immobilization; Individual; Injury; Intake; Intervention; Knowledge; Leucine; Measurement; Measures; Mechanics; Medical; Metabolic stress; Metabolism; Methods; Milk; Modeling; Molecular; Monitor; Motor; Movement; Mus; Muscle; Muscle function; Muscular Atrophy; Natural regeneration; Norway; Nutrient; Nutritional; Older Population; Oxygen Consumption; Pathway interactions; Patients; Peptide Hydrolases; Personal Satisfaction; Pharmacologic Substance; Phosphotransferases; Population; Process; Production; Protein Biosynthesis; Proteins; Rattus; Rattus norvegicus; Recovery; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Resistance; Ribosomes; Rodent; Rodent Model; Role; Signal Transduction; Skeletal Muscle; Stimulus; Supplementation; System; Tail Suspension; Testing; Therapeutic; Thermogenesis; Tissues; Transcriptional Activation; Translation Initiation; Translations; Trauma; Ubiquitin; United States Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans; Western Blotting; Work; age effect; age related; aged; aging population; blood glucose regulation; effective therapy; endoplasmic reticulum stress; feeding; frailty; functional loss; improved; mTOR protein; mortality; multicatalytic endopeptidase complex; muscle form; muscle strength; nutrition; prevent; protein degradation; relating to nervous system; repaired; response; sarcopenia; skeletal muscle growth; stable isotope; uptake; wasting

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Skeletal muscle is a highly adaptable tissue that responds to a variety of signals to modify its size and functional capacity. Loss of skeletal muscle mass and function occurs to varying degrees in all individuals with age and is a major contributor to increased frailty, loss of mobiliy, and increased mortality. During the aging process, skeletal muscle also develops a resistance to grow (or hypertrophy) in response to growth stimuli such as increased loading and nutrition. An inability to respond to increased loading and nutritional intake to restore muscle size following extended periods of bed rest or inactivity could accelerate the progression of age-associated muscle loss, and contribute to the loss of functional mobility, independence and the onset of frailty often observed in the elderly. While many studies have investigated the effects of aging on the ability of otherwise healthy muscle to grow in response to resistance exercise, few have studied the effects of aging on load-induced growth following a period of muscle wasting as occurs following immobilization and bed rest. Since periods of enforced bed rest become more common with age, the impaired recovery of muscle mass and function is a significant clinical concern that can affect the long-term health and well-being of patients. Consequently, the specific objective of this proposal is to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the resistance of muscle to grow in response to increased loading and nutrition following disuse-induced atrophy. Our working hypothesis is that the age-associated loss of load-induced muscle growth is the result of increased metabolic stress resulting in the activation of protein degradation and a concomitant inhibition of translation initiation and ribosome biogenesis resulting in negative protein balance. In this proposal we will utilize a rodent model that we have shown to closely replicate the human condition, i.e., hindlimb reloading following tail suspension unloading, to study the effect of age on both skeletal muscle atrophy and the recovery of muscle mass following atrophy. The effects of unloading/reloading on skeletal muscle mass and contractile function will be studied in young (9 month old) and old (28 month old) Fisher 344-Brown Norway rats, a well-established rodent aging model. The specific aims for this proposal are to: (1) Determine whether decreased activity and increased metabolic stress underlie the reduced muscle growth observed following reloading in aged rats. (2) Determine whether protein degradation pathways (ubiquitin proteasome system, calpain, lysosomal proteases) are activated to a greater extent in aged rats following reloading. (3) Determine whether protein synthesis is decreased in aged rats following increased loading due to impaired amino acid uptake and inhibition of translation initiation through mTORC1 (mammalian target of rapamycin). Where possible, specific nutritional (protein supplementation) and pharmaceutical (SIRT1 activation) interventions to reverse the effects of aging will be tested in our animal model before translation into a clinical population. The studies outlined in this proposal will provide fundamental knowledge about the cellular mechanism regulating muscle growth following atrophy as a function of age, as well as identify potential treatments for translation into humans. This research is of particular relevance to the Veteran's Administration since the population of older veterans in the system is rising, and the effects of skeletal muscle atrophy are more debilitating and costly in the elderly. The long-term goal of the research outlined in this proposa is the development of effective therapies for the enhancement of muscle recovery following atrophy in the elderly, which represents a significant problem and unmet clinical need. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: To date there are no effective therapeutic treatments for preventing age-related loss of muscle mass and function, or to enhance recovery of muscle following atrophy and injury. The studies outlined in this proposal will provide fundamental knowledge about the cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating muscle growth following atrophy as a function of age, as well as identify potential treatments for translation into humans. This research is of particular relevance to the Veteran's Administration since a significant number of patients in the system will require rehabilitation to recover skeletal muscle mass following atrophy induced by bed rest, immobilization, or neural trauma. The aging population represents a growing medical and monetary concern for the VA, since the elderly will suffer greater consequences of atrophy due to poor recovery. The development of effective therapies for the enhancement of muscle recovery following atrophy in the elderly is an unmet clinical need, and is the long-term goal of the research outlined in this proposal.

描述（由申请人提供）： 骨骼肌是一种适应性很强的组织，可以响应各种信号来改变其大小和功能能力。随着年龄的增长，所有个体都会不同程度地发生骨骼肌质量和功能的丧失，这是导致身体虚弱、活动能力丧失和死亡率增加的主要原因。在衰老过程中，骨骼肌也会对生长（或肥大）产生抵抗力，以响应生长刺激，例如增加负荷和营养。长时间卧床休息或不活动后，无法对增加负荷和营养摄入以恢复肌肉大小做出反应，可能会加速与年龄相关的肌肉损失的进展，并导致功能活动能力、独立性的丧失和经常观察到的虚弱的发生在老年人中。虽然许多研究已经调查了影响 衰老对其他健康肌肉响应抗阻运动的生长能力的影响，很少有人研究衰老对在固定和卧床休息后发生一段时间的肌肉萎缩后负荷引起的生长的影响。由于随着年龄的增长，强制卧床休息变得更加普遍，因此肌肉质量和功能恢复受损是一个重要的临床问题，可能影响患者的长期健康和福祉。因此，该提案的具体目标是了解肌肉抵抗因废弃引起的萎缩后负荷和营养增加而生长的细胞和分子机制。我们的工作假设是，与年龄相关的负荷诱导的肌肉生长丧失是代谢应激增加的结果，导致蛋白质降解激活，并伴随翻译起始和核糖体生物发生的抑制，导致蛋白质负平衡。在本提案中，我们将利用啮齿动物模型来研究年龄对骨骼肌萎缩和萎缩后肌肉质量恢复的影响，该模型已证明可以紧密复制人类状况，即尾部悬挂卸载后后肢重新加载。将在年轻（9 个月大）和老年（28 个月大）Fisher 344-Brown 挪威大鼠（一种成熟的啮齿动物衰老模型）中研究卸载/重新加载对骨骼肌质量和收缩功能的影响。该提案的具体目标是：（1）确定老年大鼠重新加载后观察到的肌肉生长减少是否是活动减少和代谢应激增加的基础。 (2) 确定老年大鼠在重新加载后蛋白质降解途径（泛素蛋白酶体系统、钙蛋白酶、溶酶体蛋白酶）是否被更大程度地激活。 (3) 确定老年大鼠的蛋白质合成是否因氨基酸摄取受损和 mTORC1（雷帕霉素哺乳动物靶标）翻译起始抑制而导致负荷增加而减少。在可能的情况下，将在我们的动物模型中测试逆转衰老影响的特定营养（蛋白质补充）和药物（SIRT1 激活）干预措施 在转化为临床人群之前。该提案中概述的研究将提供有关随着年龄的变化调节肌肉生长的细胞机制的基础知识，并确定转化为人类的潜在治疗方法。 这项研究与退伍军人管理局特别相关，因为系统中老年退伍军人的数量正在增加，骨骼肌萎缩的影响对老年人来说更加虚弱和昂贵。本提案概述的研究的长期目标是开发有效的疗法来增强老年人萎缩后的肌肉恢复，这是一个重大问题和未满足的临床需求。 公共卫生相关性： 迄今为止，还没有有效的治疗方法来预防与年龄相关的肌肉质量和功能丧失，或增强萎缩和损伤后肌肉的恢复。该提案中概述的研究将提供有关随着年龄的变化调节肌肉生长的细胞和分子机制的基础知识，并确定转化为人类的潜在治疗方法。这项研究与退伍军人管理局特别相关，因为该系统中的大量患者在卧床休息、固定或神经创伤引起的萎缩后需要康复以恢复骨骼肌质量。人口老龄化对退伍军人事务部来说意味着日益增长的医疗和金钱问题，因为老年人将因恢复不良而遭受更大的萎缩后果。开发有效的疗法来增强老年人萎缩后的肌肉恢复是一项未满足的临床需求，也是本提案中概述的研究的长期目标。