Cognitive Skills Training to Improve Vocational Outcome in Homeless Youth

认知技能培训可改善无家可归青年的职业成果

基本信息

批准号：
8512791
负责人：
Alice Medalia
金额：
$ 23.02万
依托单位：
NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE DBA RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE, INC
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-07-18 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8512791
关键词：
21 year old Achievement Address Adult Aftercare Age Caring Childhood Chronic Clinic Cognition Cognitive Cognitive deficits Cognitive remediation Communities Community Psychiatry Community Services Computers Control Groups Controlled Study Counseling Data Development Disadvantaged Emotional Employment Exploratory/Developmental Grant Goals Healthcare High Prevalence Homeless Youth Homelessness Hour Housing Impaired cognition Impairment Independent Living Individual Intervention Investigation Learning Longitudinal Studies Measures Medical Neurocognition New York City Occupations Outcome Participant Population Problem behavior Readiness Relative (related person)Remedial Teaching Reporting Research Rights Risk Risk Factors Secure Services Structure Training Unemployment United States Vulnerable Populations Work Youth active control base cognitive function computerized critical developmental period experience follow-up functional disability functional loss functional outcomes improved meetings physical conditioning programs prospective psychosocial skills skills training successful intervention

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent meta-analytic findings demonstrate that homeless youth evidence significant cognitive impairment and decremented vocational achievements. Cognitive impairment limits the benefit from available vocational services such as job readiness training, thereby contributing to chronic unemployment and enduring homelessness. At present, empirical data support the use of treatments to target cognition that are integrated with other community services for homeless adults. Cognitive remediation implemented in a range of adult populations has yielded positive outcomes with respect to cognitive improvement and acquisition of goals for community functioning. However, as of yet, such cognitive interventions have not been employed in homeless youth. Cognitive gains provide a necessary platform for learning to support the development of skills needed for employment in the community. Successful intervention at this critical developmental period is thus crucial to halt a potentially detrimental trajectory of accumulating functional disability and enduring homelessness. The aim of this research is to conduct a controlled study of cognitive remediation, to provide feasibility data on adapting an established empirically-based cognitive intervention for homeless youth to help them attain vocational goals. The ultimate purpose is that youth will improve in cognitive functioning and have better functional outcomes including jobs to sustain independent living. The results of this study will inform a larger trial on the efficacy of cognitive remediation in homeless youth to improve cognition and vocational outcomes. The proposed study will involve 90 participants, ages 18 to 21, at the Rights of Passage program at Covenant House, a community agency that offers job training, remedial education, housing, medical care, and counseling to unemployed and under-educated homeless youth. Hypotheses are that, compared to those in an active control group receiving computerized work-skills training, individuals who receive cognitive remediation will show greater cognitive benefits on proximal measures of neurocognition and evidence better vocational outcome as defined by greater number of hours worked. This study will address the service gap in the use of integrated psychosocial interventions for homeless populations as the first investigation of cognitive remediation in homeless youth.

描述（由申请人提供）：最近的荟萃分析结果表明，无家可归的青少年存在严重的认知障碍和职业成就下降。认知障碍限制了就业准备培训等可用职业服务的好处，从而导致长期失业和长期无家可归。目前，经验数据支持使用针对无家可归成年人的认知治疗方法，并与其他社区服务相结合。在一系列成年人群中实施的认知矫正在认知改善和实现社区功能目标方面取得了积极成果。然而，到目前为止，这种认知干预措施尚未应用于无家可归的青少年。认知收益提供了必要的学习平台，以支持社区就业所需技能的发展。因此，在这个关键的发育时期进行成功的干预对于阻止功能性残疾累积和长期无家可归的潜在有害轨迹至关重要。本研究的目的是对认知补救进行对照研究，为无家可归青年采用既定的基于经验的认知干预措施以帮助他们实现职业目标提供可行性数据。最终目的是青年人的认知功能得到改善，并获得更好的功能结果，包括维持独立生活的工作。这项研究的结果将为一项更大规模的试验提供信息，该试验旨在了解无家可归青少年认知矫正对改善认知和职业成果的功效。拟议的研究将涉及 Covenant House 通行权计划的 90 名参与者，年龄为 18 至 21 岁，Covenant House 是一家社区机构，为失业和教育程度较低的无家可归青年提供职业培训、补习教育、住房、医疗保健和咨询服务。假设是，与接受计算机化工作技能培训的积极对照组中的人相比，接受认知矫正的个人将在神经认知的近端测量上表现出更大的认知益处，并证明通过更长的工作时间来定义更好的职业成果。本研究将解决无家可归人群使用综合心理社会干预措施的服务差距，作为对无家可归青少年认知补救的首次调查。