Predicting Autism through Behavioral and Biomarkers of Attention in Infants

通过婴儿注意力的行为和生物标志物预测自闭症

• 批准号: 8391338
• 负责人: Bridgette Lynne Kelleher
• 金额: $ 3.47万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-11-15 至 2014-08-14
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8391338
• 关键词: Affect; Age; Age-Months; Area; Attention; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Child; Cognitive; Communities; Cross-Sectional Studies; Deceleration; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disease; Early Diagnosis; Early Intervention; Early identification; Early treatment; Employee Strikes; Eye; Eye Movements; Family; Fragile X Syndrome; Genetic Counseling; Heart; Heart Rate; Heterogeneity; Impairment; Individual; Infant; Investigation; Link; Measures; Methods; Neurocognitive; Neurosciences; Outcome; Paired Comparison; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Performance; Personal Satisfaction; Phase; Play; Population; Procedures; Process; Prospective Studies; Public Health; Publishing; Research; Resources; Response to stimulus physiology; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Services; Severities; Siblings; Specificity; Speed; Stimulus; Time; United States; Visual; Visual attention; Work; autism spectrum disorder; base; behavior measurement; computerized; cost; gaze; heart rate variability; high risk; high risk infant; infancy; innovation; longitudinal design; male; meetings; multilevel analysis; novel; preference; prospective; social; stimulus processing; visual tracking

Understanding the early predictors of autism is essential to promoting earlier identification, diagnosis and treatment. Although aberrant visual attention is one of the earliest identified predictors of autism and may play an integral role in the socio-communicative deficits inherent in the disorder, the emergence of atypical attention in infancy is poorly understood. The present proposal seeks to characterize the development of aberrant attention in autism by integrating cognitive and developmental neuroscience methods within a multiple-group, prospective longitudinal design. Methods will include computerized attention orienting and visual preference paradigms integrated with concurrently-measured heart-defined sustained attention. Integrating behavioral and heart-defined measures will critically inform whether behavioral eye movement reflects underlying cognitive processes of stimulus response. Patterns of behavioral and biomarkers will be compared across high risk infant siblings of children with autism (ASIBS), high risk infants with fragile X syndrome (FXS), and low risk controls; thus informing the etiological specificity of early attention indicators, which is essential to informing early diagnostic and treatment efforts. Specifically, we aim to: (1) evaluate group differences in attention orienting (disengagement, facilitation) and visual preference (social/nonsocial, novel/familiar) between 6, 9, and 12 months of age (9 and 12 months in FXS), (2) compare behavioral performance on computerized attention paradigms to heart-defined sustained attention, and (3) evaluate the relationship between autistic outcomes at 24 months and these early behavioral and biomarkers of attention. Multilevel modeling will be used to analyze the patterns of attention across high risk groups, as well as the relationship between early attention and autistic outcomes. This study is innovative in that it is the first to apply concurrently-measured behavioral and heart-defined attention to the prospective surveillance of infant attention in autism, as well as to compare behavioral and biomarkers of attention across high risk ASIBS and infants with FXS.

了解自闭症的早期预测因素对于促进早期识别，诊断和治疗至关重要。尽管异常的视觉注意力是自闭症的最早预测因素之一，并且在该疾病固有的社会交流性缺陷中可能起着不可或缺的作用，但对婴儿期非典型关注的出现知之甚少。本提案旨在通过将认知和发育神经科学方法整合到多组的前瞻性纵向设计中来表征自闭症中异常关注的发展。方法将包括计算机注意的定向和视觉偏好范例，这些范例与同时受到心脏定义的持续关注集成在一起。综合行为和心脏定义的措施将严格告知行为眼运动是否反映了刺激反应的基本认知过程。将在自闭症儿童（ASIB），高风险X综合征（FXS）（FXS）和低风险控制的高风险婴儿（ASIB）的高风险婴儿兄弟姐妹中进行比较行为和生物标志物的模式；因此，请告知早期注意指标的病因特异性，这对于告知早期诊断和治疗工作至关重要。具体而言，我们的目的是：（1）在6、9和12个月大的6、9和12个月之间（FXS中的9个月和12个月）之间评估群体差异（脱离接触，促进）和视觉偏好（社交/非社交，新颖/熟悉），（2）将行为表现在计算机化的范围上，并在其上进行了行为，并在24个月之间进行了行为，并将其自动置于这些数月之间的关系，以及（3）的行为，并将其自动置于（3）的关系中（3）注意。多级建模将用于分析高风险群体的关注模式，以及早期注意力和自闭症结果之间的关系。这项研究具有创新性，因为它是第一个将自闭症中婴儿注意力的前瞻性监视以及与FXS高风险ASIB和婴儿之间的行​​为和生物标记物相比，对婴儿关注的前瞻性监测进行了同时测量的行为和心脏定义的关注。