IND Enabling Studies for Small Molecule Anthrax Lethal Factor Inhibitors

小分子炭疽致死因子抑制剂的 IND 启用研究

• 批准号: 8474666
• 负责人: ALAN THOMAS JOHNSON
• 金额: $ 63.45万
• 依托单位: PANTHERA BIOPHARMA, LLC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-04-01 至 2013-12-19
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8474666
• 关键词: Address; Adenylate Cyclase; Animal Model; Animals; Anthrax Attack; Anthrax disease; Anthrax exposure; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotic Resistance; Antibiotics; Antidotes; Antigens; Bacillus anthracis; Bacillus anthracis spore; Back; Bacteria; Bacterial Toxins; Binding Proteins; Biological Products; Bioterrorism; Breathing; Calmodulin; Cell physiology; Cell surface; Cells; Cessation of life; Clinical; Complement Factor B; Complex; Cyclic AMP; Development; Disease; Dose; Drug Formulations; Edema; Engineering; Ensure; Event; Germination; Goals; Grant; Human; Immunotherapeutic agent; Infection; Inhalation Exposure; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Intensive Care; Intoxication; Lead; Left; MEKs; Mails; Mainstreaming; Mediating; Metalloproteases; Modeling; Monoclonal Antibodies; Mus; National Security; Oryctolagus cuniculus; Panic; Panthera; Pathogenesis; Patients; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacology; Phase; Play; Preparation; Proteins; Rattus; Reproduction spores; Request for Proposals; Research; Research Support; Role; Safety; Scientist; Septic Toxemia; Septicemia; Signal Pathway; Signal Transduction; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Source; Staging; Survival Rate; System; Therapeutic; Therapeutic Intervention; Time; Toxic effect; Toxin; United States National Institutes of Health; Vaccines; Vegetative States; Viral Vector; Virulence Factors; Zinc; analytical method; anthrax lethal factor; cost; design; edema factor; genotoxicity; improved; in vivo; inhibitor/antagonist; manufacturing process; meetings; metabolic abnormality assessment; microbial alkaline proteinase inhibitor; mortality; mouse model; novel; pre-clinical; prophylactic; public health relevance; resistant strain; safety study; small molecule; weapons

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): PanThera's goal for the proposed research is to identify a clinical candidate that demonstrates in vivo efficacy in animal models of post-exposure inhalation anthrax and has a safety profile suitable for use in humans as an antidote to anthrax lethal factor intoxication. The 2001 anthrax spore attack via the U.S. mail caused 11 confirmed cases of inhalation anthrax. Despite the administration of frontline antibiotics and modern day intensive care support, only six of these patients survived. This high mortality rate, along with the widespread panic and considerable cleanup cost, starkly defined the seriousness of this bioterrorist event and the extreme threat anthrax poses to national security. Therapeutics currently available to treat anthrax, such as antibiotics and immunotherapeutic agents (vaccines and monoclonal antibodies), show complete protection in animal models when administered pre-exposure. However, their protective capability diminishes dramatically as post-exposure treatment delay times increase, suggesting that toxemia remains a threat to host survival. The complex pathogenesis of anthrax disease includes both bacterial and toxin components, although antibiotics can clear the system of bacteria and shut off the source of the toxins, and biological agents can block the transport of toxins into the cells, no therapeutic is currently available to disarm the toxins already present in the cells. PanThera has identified novel anthrax lethal factor inhibitors (LFIs) with picomolar potency and demonstrated in vivo efficacy in rat, mouse, and rabbit models of anthrax. These LFIs are designed to mitigate both early and late-stage toxemia by acting intracellularly and extracellularly, in contrast to biologics which ac only extracellularly. Small molecule LFIs should also provide a countermeasure against antibiotic resistant strains of B. anthracis (Enhanced Agents) and against novel viral vectors engineered to deliver intracellular anthrax LF toxin (Advanced Agents). The specific aims of the proposed project are: 1) complete lead optimization studies and select a preclinical candidate; 2) conduct early IND-enabling studies sufficient for a pre-IND meeting with the FDA; and 3) complete the remaining IND studies needed for submission of an IND to the FDA. To achieve these aims we have assembled a team of scientists who are leaders in the field of bacterial toxins and anthrax disease. This team of expert collaborators provides us with unique animal models: rat toxin and mouse spore challenge models of anthrax (Leppla lab; NIH), as well as a rabbit inhalation spore challenge model of anthrax infection (Peterson lab; UTMB).

描述（由申请人提供）：Panthera对拟议研究的目标是确定一个临床候选者，该临床候选者在暴露后吸入炭疽的动物模型中表现出体内功效，并具有适合于人类用作炭疽病致命因子因子的解毒剂的安全性。 2001年通过美国邮寄的炭疽孢子攻击造成了11例确认吸入炭疽病的病例。尽管执行了前线抗生素和现代重症监护支持，但其中只有六名患者幸存下来。这种高死亡率，加上广泛的恐慌和大量的清理成本，明显地定义了这一生物恐怖事件的严重性，而炭疽病对国家安全构成了极端威胁。 当前可用于治疗炭疽病的治疗剂，例如抗生素和免疫治疗剂（疫苗和单克隆抗体），在施用前暴露时在动物模型中显示出完全保护。但是，随着暴露后治疗延迟时间的增加，它们的保护能力会大大降低，这表明毒血症仍然是对宿主生存的威胁。炭疽疾病的复杂发病机制包括细菌和毒素成分，尽管抗生素可以清除细菌系统并关闭毒素的来源，并且生物学剂可以阻止毒素的转运到细胞中，但目前尚无治疗方法可以解散细胞中毒素的武装。 Panthera已经确定了具有皮摩尔效力的新型炭疽致死因子抑制剂（LFI），并在大鼠，小鼠和兔的兔模型中证明了体内功效。这些LFI旨在通过细胞内和细胞外作用，与仅细胞外的生物制剂相比，通过细胞内和细胞外作用来减轻早期和晚期毒品。小分子LFI还应提供对炭疽芽孢杆菌（增强剂）抗生素抗性菌株的对策，并针对设计用于提供细胞内炭疽LF毒素（晚期剂）的新型病毒载体。 拟议项目的具体目的是：1）完整的铅优化研究并选择临床前候选者； 2）进行早期的成熟研究，足以与FDA进行预先开会； 3）完成向FDA提交IND所需的剩余IND研究。为了实现这些目标，我们组建了一个科学家团队，这些科学家是细菌毒素和炭疽病领域的领导者。这支专家合作者团队为我们提供了独特的动物模型：炭疽（Leppla Lab; NIH）的大鼠毒素和鼠标孢子挑战模型，以及炭疽病感染的兔吸入孢子挑战模型（Peterson Lab; UTMB）。