Role of variation in the developmental acquisition, and the adult plasticity, of

变异在发育习得和成年可塑性中的作用

• 批准号: 8141347
• 负责人: STEPHEN G LISBERGER
• 金额: $ 19.83万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8141347
• 关键词: Accounting; Acetylcholine; Acoustics; Address; Adult; Animals; Area; Auditory; Auditory area; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Categories; Cell Nucleus; Code; Cognitive; Communication; Complex; Development; Dopamine; Effectiveness; Electric Stimulation; Face; Force of Gravity; Frequencies; Goals; Human; Individual; Investments; Laboratories; Lead; Learning; Maintenance; Mediating; Modeling; Neonatal; Neurologic; Neurons; Noise; Norepinephrine; Operant Conditioning; Population; Probability; Rattus; Rewards; Role; Serotonin; Simulate; Speech; Speech Acoustics; Stereotyping; Stimulus; System; Time; Training; Variant; auditory stimulus; critical period; design; improved; insight; memory process; neocortical; postnatal; relating to nervous system; research study; response; skill acquisition; skills; sound; stereotypy

Response variability is a fact of the brain. There can be dramatic differences in the responses of any given neuron, to any given stimulus, at different moments in time. Different neurons in any cortical area contributing to the representation of any given stimulus or action commonly have substantially different responses. Variations in distributed local, system, and brain-wide responses representing any given stimulus in any given behavioral context can differ radically in different individuals. At the same time, the brain operates with the maintenance of perceptual constancy, cognitive reliability, and learned-behavior stereotypy. How do we account for the robust behavioral representations of inputs and actions in the face of the marked response variability of their neurological representations? This project will address 3 issues. First, it will determine the basic consequences, for neurological response variability, of exposing neonatal rats across the critical period with stereotyped vs naturally variable complex acoustic (speech-like) stimulus sets. Second, it will determine whether or not and how systematically varying the modulatory inputs enabling learning-induced plasticity in adult brains contribute to distributed neuronal response variability and coordination, and to behavioral response variability, in an auditory stimulus recognition task. Third, it will investigate the relationships between variation in neuronal responses in the primary auditory cortex (A-1) and in "secondary" auditory cortical fields (PVAF; AAF; PAF;PPVAF), as a function of stimulus repertoire complexity, in trained adult rats. The long-term goal of this project is to determine how a neurological strategy of learning-driven abstraction and coordination can lead to new insights into how we can potentially revise learning strategies to improve their effectiveness and reliability for neuro-behaviorally impaired human populations.

反应可变性是大脑的一个事实。人们的反应可能存在巨大差异 任何给定的神经元，在不同的时刻对任何给定的刺激。任何地方都有不同的神经元 有助于表征任何给定刺激或动作的皮质区域通常具有 截然不同的反应。分布式局部、系统和全脑反应的变化 在任何给定的行为背景下表示任何给定的刺激可能在不同的情况下有很大不同 个人。同时，大脑在维持知觉恒定性的情况下运行， 认知可靠性和习得行为刻板印象。我们如何解释稳健的行为 面对其显着的反应变化时的输入和行动的表示 神经学表征？该项目将解决 3 个问题。首先，要确定基本的 将新生大鼠暴露于关键的神经反应变异性的后果 具有刻板印象与自然可变的复杂声学（类似语音）刺激集的时期。第二， 它将决定是否以及如何系统地改变调制输入，从而使 成人大脑中学习诱导的可塑性有助于分布式神经元反应的变异性和 在听觉刺激识别任务中的协调性和行为反应变异性。第三， 它将研究初级听觉神经元反应变化之间的关系 皮层 (A-1) 和“次级”听觉皮层区（PVAF；AAF；PAF；PPVAF），作为 在训练有素的成年大鼠中，刺激指令的复杂性。该项目的长期目标是 确定学习驱动的抽象和协调的神经策略如何导致 关于我们如何修改学习策略以提高其有效性的新见解 以及神经行为受损人群的可靠性。