Neighborhood Environment and Physical Activity in Hispanic-American Preschoolers

西班牙裔美国学龄前儿童的社区环境和体育活动

• 批准号: 8050091
• 负责人: Teresia Margareta O'Connor
• 金额: $ 17.16万
• 依托单位: BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-01 至 2013-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8050091
• 关键词: 5 year old; Acculturation; Adult; Affect; Age; American; Area; Behavior; Caregivers; Censuses; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Cognitive; Communities; Complement; Consent; Country; Crime; Data; Development; Educational Intervention; Endocrine System Diseases; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemic; Equipment; Ethnic group; Evaluation; Family; Focus Groups; Future; Goals; Health Insurance; Health behavior outcomes; High Prevalence; Hispanic Americans; Informal Social Control; Insurance Coverage; Interview; Knowledge; Latino; Lead; Life; Life Style; Location; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Metabolic Diseases; Modeling; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Neighborhoods; Not Hispanic or Latino; Nursery Schools; Obesity; Overweight; Patient Self-Report; Physical activity; Physical environment; Plague; Play; Population; Positioning Attribute; Preschool Child; Property; Psychometrics; Questionnaires; Recreation; Recruitment Activity; Risk; Role; Safety; Sampling; Social Environment; Structure; System; Testing; Texas; Time; age group; aged; base; cohesion; combat; demographics; diaries; early childhood; environmental intervention; neighborhood safety; obesity in children; obesity prevention; public health relevance; social; social cognitive theory; socioeconomics; trafficking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Hispanic Americans are one of the fastest growing ethnic groups in the US and the group with the highest prevalence of obesity across all ages. Obesity prevention needs to start from early childhood through the promotion of an active lifestyle. Although there is growing empirical support for associations between aspects of the physical and social environments and physical activity (PA) behavior, these issues, as they pertain to Hispanic-American (HA) children, remain understudied. Many HA children live in unsafe and under-resourced communities and have no health insurance coverage. Hence, it is particularly urgent to conduct a systematic evaluation of modifiable environmental facilitators and deterrents of PA relevant to this segment of the population. Such evaluation needs to start with the development of a culturally-sensitive model of environment- PA relationships and relevant measures. The present study aims to 1) identify primary caregivers' practices and aspects of the neighborhood environment that potentially influence the PA behavior of HA preschool children, and 2) develop measures of the social and physical environments, and locations where PA occurs, that will permit a rigorous study of environmental influences on PA in this population segment. Sixty-four HA primary caregivers of 3-to-5 year old children will participate in structured focus groups aimed at identifying key aspects of 1) caregivers' practices related to preschoolers' PA, 2) the neighborhood social environment, 3) perceived neighborhood safety, 4) places for PA, 5) and active-play equipment. This information will be used to develop questionnaires of these five concepts. Qualitative cognitive interviews will be conducted on another sample of 20 HA primary caregivers in order to refine the newly-developed questionnaires. Census block groups in urban Houston (Texas) will be screened and selected for study based on percentage of HA residents, availability of recreation space, and neighborhood safety (risk of crime and traffic safety). A sample of 240 HA primary caregivers of preschool children will be recruited from the selected areas. They will complete the newly-developed questionnaires. Half of these primary caregivers (n=120) will be asked for consent to their child's participation in the study. Children's PA will be measured for four days using small activity monitors. Locations of PA will be recorded using compact Global Positioning System monitors and caregivers' diaries. Data on family socio-demographics, acculturation, familism, and ethno-cultural identity will also be collected. The proposed trans-disciplinary project team combines expertise in measurement development and study of obesity, physical activity, parental practices, and built environment factors proposed to be related to PA in HA preschoolers. This project will identify family and neighborhood characteristics contributing to PA in HA preschoolers to guide future environmental and educational interventions aimed at combating the obesity plague in the HA ethnic group from early life. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Childhood obesity has reached epidemic proportions in this country, especially among Hispanic American children. This project will identify primary caregivers' and neighborhood characteristics contributing to obesity in Hispanic-American preschoolers. This knowledge will guide future environmental and educational interventions aimed at combating the obesity plague in the Hispanic-American ethnic group from early life.

描述（由申请人提供）：西班牙裔美国人是美国增长最快的族裔群体之一，也是各年龄段肥胖患病率最高的群体。预防肥胖需要从幼儿期开始，通过提倡积极的生活方式。尽管越来越多的实证支持物理和社会环境与体育活动 (PA) 行为之间的关联，但这些与西班牙裔美国 (HA) 儿童相关的问题仍然没有得到充分研究。许多医管局儿童生活在不安全和资源匮乏的社区，没有医疗保险。因此，对与这部分人群相关的可改变的环境促进因素和PA威慑因素进行系统评估尤为紧迫。这种评估需要从开发环境与保护区关系的文化敏感模型和相关措施开始。本研究的目的是 1) 确定主要看护者的做法和邻里环境的各个方面可能影响 HA 学龄前儿童的 PA 行为，2) 制定社会和物理环境以及 PA 发生地点的措施，这将允许对环境对这一人群的 PA 影响的严格研究。 64 名 3 至 5 岁儿童的 HA 主要看护者将参加结构化焦点小组，旨在确定 1) 与学龄前儿童 PA 相关的看护者实践、2) 邻里社会环境、3) 感知的邻里安全的关键方面, 4) 放置 PA 的地方，5) 和主动播放设备。该信息将用于开发这五个概念的调查问卷。我们还将对另外 20 名医管局主要照顾者进行定性认知访谈，以完善新制定的调查问卷。将根据 HA 居民的百分比、休闲空间的可用性和邻里安全（犯罪风险和交通安全）筛选和选择休斯顿市区（德克萨斯州）的人口普查街区群体进行研究。医管局将从选定地区抽样招募 240 名学前儿童主要照顾者。他们将完成新开发的调查问卷。这些主要照顾者中的一半 (n=120) 将被要求同意其孩子参与研究。将使用小型活动监测仪测量儿童的 PA，为期四天。 PA 的位置将使用紧凑型全球定位系统监视器和护理人员的日记进行记录。还将收集有关家庭社会人口统计、文化适应、家庭主义和民族文化认同的数据。拟议的跨学科项目团队结合了测量开发和肥胖研究的专业知识、身体活动、家长实践以及与 HA 学龄前儿童 PA 相关的建筑环境因素。该项目将确定有助于 HA 学龄前儿童 PA 的家庭和社区特征，以指导未来的环境和教育干预措施，旨在对抗 HA 族群从小的肥胖瘟疫。 公共卫生相关性：儿童肥胖症在这个国家已达到流行病的程度，特别是在西班牙裔美国儿童中。该项目将确定导致西班牙裔美国学龄前儿童肥胖的主要看护者和社区特征。这些知识将指导未来的环境和教育干预措施，旨在对抗西班牙裔美国人从小的肥胖瘟疫。

项目成果

Associations Between Objective and Self-Report Measures of Traffic and Crime Safety in Latino Parents of Preschool Children.

学龄前儿童的拉丁裔家长的交通和犯罪安全的客观测量与自我报告测量之间的关联。

• 发表时间: 2017-10
• 作者: Soltero, Erica G;Cerin, Ester;Lee, Rebecca E;O'Connor, Teresia M
• 通讯作者: O'Connor, Teresia M

What Hispanic parents do to encourage and discourage 3-5 year old children to be active: a qualitative study using nominal group technique.

西班牙裔父母如何鼓励和劝阻 3-5 岁的孩子积极活动：一项使用名义小组技术的定性研究。

• 发表时间: 2013
• 作者: O'Connor, Teresia M;Cerin, Ester;Hughes, Sheryl O;Robles, Jessica;Thompson, Deborah;Baranowski, Tom;Lee, Rebecca E;Nicklas, Theresa;Shewchuk, Richard M
• 通讯作者: Shewchuk, Richard M

Parent-perceived neighbourhood environment, parenting practices and preschool-aged children physical activity and screen time: a cross-sectional study of two culturally and geographically diverse cities.

家长感知的邻里环境、养育方式以及学龄前儿童的身体活动和屏幕时间：对两个文化和地理不同的城市的横断面研究。

• 发表时间: 2022-05-27
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Cerin, Ester;Barnett, Anthony;Baranowski, Tom;Lee, Rebecca E;Mellecker, Robin R;Suen, Yi Nam;Mendoza, Jason A;Thompson, Deborah I;O'Connor, Teresia M
• 通讯作者: O'Connor, Teresia M

Places where preschoolers are (in)active: an observational study on Latino preschoolers and their parents using objective measures.

学龄前儿童活跃（不活跃）的地方：使用客观措施对拉丁裔学龄前儿童及其父母进行的观察性研究。

• 发表时间: 2016-02-29
• 作者: Cerin, Ester;Baranowski, Tom;Barnett, Anthony;Butte, Nancy;Hughes, Sheryl;Lee, Rebecca E;Mendoza, Jason A;Thompson, Debbe;O'Connor, Teresia Margareta
• 通讯作者: O'Connor, Teresia Margareta

Environmental and cultural correlates of physical activity parenting practices among Latino parents with preschool-aged children: Niños Activos.

拉丁裔父母与学龄前儿童体育活动养育方式的环境和文化相关性：Niños Activos。

• 发表时间: 2014
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: O'Connor, Teresia M;Cerin, Ester;Lee, Rebecca E;Parker, Nathan;Chen, Tzu;Hughes, Sheryl O;Mendoza, Jason A;Baranowski, Tom
• 通讯作者: Baranowski, Tom