Cortical correlates of age-related hearing deficits

年龄相关听力缺陷的皮质相关性

• 批准号: 8279288
• 负责人: GREGG Howard RECANZONE
• 金额: $ 35.57万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-06-01 至 2015-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8279288
• 关键词: Acoustics; Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Anatomy; Animal Model; Animals; Area; Audiometry; Auditory; Auditory Brainstem Responses; Auditory area; Behavioral; Bilateral Hearing Loss; California; Cell Count; Cerebral cortex; Cochlea; Data; Development; Discrimination; Disease; Elderly; Foundations; Frequencies; Functional disorder; Funding; Goals; Grant; Hair Cells; Hearing; Hearing Aids; High-Frequency Hearing Loss; Human; Individual; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lesion; Longevity; Macaca; Measurement; Metric; Modeling; Monkeys; Morphology; National Institute on Aging; Neocortex; Neurons; Organ; Pathology; Performance; Peripheral; Physiological; Physiological Processes; Population; Presbycusis; Primates; Principal Investigator; Probability; Process; Property; Research; Resources; Series; Source; Stria Vascularis; Structure; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; age effect; age related; aged; cochlear lesion; cohort; design; disability; ganglion cell; hearing impairment; information processing; insight; juvenile animal; nonhuman primate; normal aging; novel; otoacoustic emission; phrases; programs; public health relevance; research study; response; speech processing; spiral ganglion; success

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Hearing deficits are the third leading cause of disability in the aged. Over half of all people in the US over seventy suffer some form of age-related hearing deficits. This is a ubiquitous problem with many sources, and the peripheral contributions to age-related deficits, particularly high frequency hearing loss, have been explored and have revealed several important features of these disorders. However, there remains relatively little understood about the consequences of age-related hearing loss and normal aging on central auditory structures, particularly the neocortex, and how age-related changes in either anatomical or physiological processes in central structures give rise to perceptual deficits. Our lack of understanding of these central effects is due in large part to the lack of an effective animal model that (1) shares many organizational features of auditory cortex with humans, (2) has a reasonably long life span such that age-related hearing deficits progress over the course of several years as in the human, and (3) are not prohibitively expensive. The goals of this proposal are to fill this gap by correlating hearing deficits related to either age or hearing loss with single neuron activity in core and belt areas of auditory cortex as well as the perceptual abilities and the cochlear morphology of the same individuals. Experimental groups will include young animals with no hearing loss, young animals with hearing loss, geriatric animals with minimal hearing loss and geriatric animals with hearing loss. Animals will be trained on spatial and temporal discrimination tasks and cortical activity will be directly correlated with this behavioral performance, hearing thresholds, and cochlear morphology. Comparisons between neurons in different animals, as well as in auditory cortical fields that have been reorganized due to the high frequency hearing loss, will be compared to determine which aspects of auditory information processing are most susceptible to aging and age-related hearing loss. The results of this study are a critical step in the development of new remedial treatments and therapies, as well as in hearing aid design, for individuals suffering from age-related hearing deficits. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: By investigating age-related hearing deficits at the level of the cerebral cortex and correlating these findings with perceptual deficits, pure tone audiograms, and cochlear morphology we will be breaking new ground in understanding this ubiquitous disability. Knowledge of the peripheral and central dysfunctions leading to these deficits is absolutely critical in developing new remedial therapies and treatments.

描述（由申请人提供）：听力缺陷是老年残疾的第三主要原因。在美国，超过一半以上的人有70多种与年龄相关的听力缺陷。这是许多来源的无处不在的问题，并且已经探索了对年龄相关的缺陷，尤其是高频听力损失的外围贡献，并揭示了这些疾病的几个重要特征。但是，关于年龄相关的听力损失和正常老化对中央听觉结构（尤其是新皮层）的后果以及与年龄相关的中心结构中与年龄相关的变化如何导致感知缺陷的后果，相对较少的了解。我们对这些核心效应的缺乏理解很大程度上是由于缺乏有效的动物模型，该模型（1）与人类具有许多听觉皮层的组织特征，（2）具有相当长的寿命，因此与年龄相关的听力缺陷在几年内与人类和（3）相关的过程中的进展并不昂贵。该提案的目标是通过将与年龄或听力损失相关的听力缺陷与听觉皮层的核心和皮带区域的单个神经元活动以及相同个体的知觉能力以及感知能力以及同一个人的耳蜗形态相关联，来填补这一空白。实验组将包括没有听力损失的年轻动物，具有听力损失的年轻动物，老年动物的听力损失最少，而听力损失的老年动物。动物将接受空间和时间歧视任务的训练，皮质活动将直接与这种行为表现，听力阈值和人工耳蜗形态有关。将比较因高频听力损失而重新组织的不同动物的神经元，以及在听觉皮层中的比较，以确定听觉信息处理的哪些方面最容易受到衰老和与年龄有关的听力损失。这项研究的结果是针对患有与年龄相关的听力障碍的人的新补救治疗和疗法以及助听器设计的关键步骤。 公共卫生相关性：通过调查大脑皮层水平上与年龄相关的听力缺陷，并将这些发现与知觉缺陷，纯正的听力图和耳蜗形态相关联，我们将在理解这种无处不在的残疾方面奠定新的基础。对导致这些缺陷的外围和中心功能障碍的了解对于开发新的补救疗法和治疗绝对至关重要。