POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS ON HISTONES AND HISTONE VARIANTS

组蛋白和组蛋白变异体的翻译后修饰

• 批准号: 8363763
• 负责人: BARBARA PANNING
• 金额: $ 0.18万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-06-01 至 2012-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8363763
• 关键词: Acetylation; Cells; Chromatin; Chromatin Structure; Development; Epigenetic Process; Funding; Gene Expression; Genetic; Grant; Histones; Lead; Maintenance; Malignant Neoplasms; Mass Spectrum Analysis; Memory; Methylation; Modification; National Center for Research Resources; Nature; Organism; Pattern; Phosphorylation; Post-Translational Protein Processing; Principal Investigator; Research; Research Infrastructure; Resources; Role; Source; Specificity; Ubiquitination; United States National Institutes of Health; Variant; cell type; combinatorial; cost; flexibility; programs; tandem mass spectrometry

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. Multicellular organisms consist of various cell types with the same genetic information but a high degree of differentiation, characterized by a unique pattern of gene expression for each cell type. Establishment and maintenance of these diverse expression patterns is fundamentally important for cell identity and organism survival, and aberrant gene expression in a single cell can lead to developmental abnormalities or cancer. Epigenetic regulatory mechanisms employ dynamic modifications in chromatin structure, such as histone methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation and ubiquitination, to regulate gene expression. These posttranslational modifications are integrated in a combinatorial fashion to provide cells with transcriptional memory to stably maintain gene expression patterns throughout many divisions, and developmental flexibility to facilitate programmed alterations in gene expression. Equipped with the unprecedented sensitivity and structural specificity offered by tandem mass spectrometry, we are hoping to elucidate the nature and functional role of the rich epigenetic information in mammalian chromatin.

该副本是利用资源的众多研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供。对该子弹的主要支持 而且，副投影的主要研究员可能是其他来源提供的 包括其他NIH来源。 列出的总费用可能 代表subproject使用的中心基础架构的估计量， NCRR赠款不直接向子弹或副本人员提供的直接资金。 多细胞生物由具有相同遗传信息的各种细胞类型组成，但具有高度的分化，其特征在于每种细胞类型的唯一基因表达模式。 这些多种表达模式的建立和维持对于细胞身份和生物体的存活至关重要，单个细胞中的异常基因表达可能导致发育异常或癌症。 表观遗传调节机制在染色质结构中采用动态修饰，例如组蛋白甲基化，乙酰化，磷酸化和泛素化，以调节基因表达。 这些翻译后修饰以组合方式整合，以提供具有转录记忆的细胞，以稳定地维持许多分层的基因表达模式，并在许多分裂中保持基因表达模式，并促进基因表达的编程变化的发育灵活性。 配备了串联质谱法提供的前所未有的灵敏度和结构特异性，我们希望阐明丰富的表观遗传信息在哺乳动物染色质中的性质和功能作用。