EARLY LIFE STRESS IN NON HUMAN PRIMATES AND HUMANS

非人类灵长类动物和人类的早期生活压力

• 批准号: 7958154
• 负责人: CHARLES B NEMEROFF
• 金额: $ 5.48万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-05-01 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7958154
• 关键词: Amygdaloid structure; Area; Brain; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Cues; Development; Discrimination; Fright; Funding; Grant; Human; Institution; Learning; Lesion; Life Stress; Macaca mulatta; Measures; Monkeys; Mothers; Patients; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Primates; Procedures; Rattus; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Source; Symptoms; Testing; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; nonhuman primate

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The objective of this study is to develop a way to measure inhibition of fear in rhesus monkeys and humans. In rats we have developed such a procedure in which one pair of cues (AX+) is paired with an aversive airblast and another pair of cues (BX-) is not paired with an aversive airblast. Under these conditions, rats learn to be afraid of A, not to be afraid of B and fear of X is some where in the middle. Importantly, when we test fear to A in the presence of B we see that B inhibits fear to A. We have set up the AX+, BX- discrimination in humans and are testing it in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder. We found that patients with PTSD do not show normal conditioned inhibition which means we have an objective measure of one of the core symptoms of PTSD, namely the inability to feel safe. In addition, we set up the AX+, BX- in rhesus monkeys at Yerkes and are now testing it in monkeys who have had separation from their mothers for brief periods of time during development as well as in monkeys that have had lesions of various brain areas. We found that lesions of the amygdala in rhesus monkeys block acquisition but expression of fear-potentiated startle, in contrast to rats, that should a blockade of both.

该子项目是利用该技术的众多研究子项目之一 资源由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目及 研究者 (PI) 可能已从 NIH 的另一个来源获得主要资金， 因此可以在其他 CRISP 条目中表示。列出的机构是 中心，不一定是研究者的机构。 本研究的目的是开发一种测量恒河猴和人类恐惧抑制的方法。 在大鼠中，我们开发了这样的程序，其中一对线索（AX+）与厌恶的空气喷射配对，而另一对线索（BX-）不与厌恶的空气喷射配对。 在这些条件下，老鼠学会了害怕 A，而不是害怕 B，而对 X 的恐惧介于两者​​之间。 重要的是，当我们在 B 存在的情况下测试对 A 的恐惧时，我们发现 B 抑制了对 A 的恐惧。我们已经在人类中建立了 AX+、BX- 歧视，并正在患有创伤后应激障碍的患者中进行测试。我们发现 PTSD 患者没有表现出正常的条件抑制，这意味着我们可以客观地衡量 PTSD 的核心症状之一，即无法感到安全。 此外，我们在 Yerkes 的恒河猴中建立了 AX+、BX-，现在正在对发育过程中与母亲短暂分离的猴子以及各个大脑区域有损伤的猴子进行测试。 。 我们发现，恒河猴杏仁核的损伤会阻碍获得但表达恐惧增强的惊吓，而大鼠则相反，这应该阻止两者。