Reconnection of Neural Networks and Cognitive Recovery after Pediatric TBI

儿童创伤性脑损伤后神经网络的重新连接和认知恢复

• 批准号: 8334713
• 负责人: ROBERT F ASARNOW
• 金额: $ 13.09万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-09 至 2013-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8334713
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Adverse effects; Age; Animals; Anterior; Behavioral; Bilateral; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Brain imaging; Child; Childhood; Cognitive deficits; Corpus Callosum; Development; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Gender; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Injury; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Memory; Methods; Neurocognitive; Neurosciences; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Performance; Process; Recovery; Relative (related person); Sampling; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Structure; Survivors; System; Testing; Time; Translating; Traumatic Brain Injury; age related; brain behavior; cognitive function; cognitive recovery; gray matter; improved; improved functioning; injury and repair; innovation; neuroimaging; neuropsychological; novel; processing speed; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; restoration; therapy design; transmission process; white matter; white matter change; white matter injury

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Moderate to severe non-penetrating pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) compromises distributed neural networks by disrupting axonal connections contributing to cognitive impairments. Cognitive functioning improves significantly over the first year post-TBI relative to the post-acute period in the vast majority of pediatric TBI survivors. There is evidence of restitution of neural connectivity over the first year post-TBI. The central hypothesis of this proposal is that cognitive deficits after non-penetrating pediatric TBI reflect white matter injury and disconnection, and that cognitive recovery occurs in conjunction with the restoration of neural network connectivity. Connectivity will be assessed using both structural brain imaging (MRI and DTI) and functional (electrophysiological, fMRI and neuropsychological) methods. We will study the structure and function of brain systems that are particularly vulnerable to white matter (WM) disruptions caused by TBI. The corpus callosum (CC) and a frontal-temporal-parietal (FTP) network that subserves spatial working memory will be studied as exemplars of neural networks disrupted by TBI. Innovative methods from behavioral neuroscience and neuroimaging will be used to assess the function of these networks, including separate measures of anterior and posterior CC function. Structural measures, including MRI and DTI, will be used to assess regional WM changes. The functional and structural measures will be administered longitudinally in 60 children with moderate/severe TBI and 60 age and gender matched controls. Children will be studied post-acutely (2-4 months post-TB I) and chronically (12 months post injury) to test the hypothesis that neurocognitive recovery following TBI is associated with increased WM connectivity and volume. This project will develop methods for studying brain/behavior relations in the CC following TBI that can be translated into experimental studies of small animals to help develop novel therapies. By explicating mechanisms that underlie naturally-occurring white matter injury and repair, the proposed project will identify potential new targets for interventions designed to accelerate the process of neurocognitive recovery. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Children with moderate-severe traumatic brain injuries will be studied 2-4 months and at 12 months post-injury to test the hypothesis that neurocognitive recovery following TBI is associated with increased white matter connectivity and volume. Innovative brain imaging and behavioral neuroscience methods will be used to assess changes in brain structure and function following pediatric TBI. By explicating mechanisms that underlie naturally-occurring white matter injury and repair, the proposed project will identify potential new targets for interventions designed to accelerate the process of neurocognitive recovery.

描述（由申请人提供）：中度至重度非穿透性儿科创伤性脑损伤（TBI）通过破坏导致认知障碍的轴突连接来损害分布的神经网络。在绝大多数小儿TBI幸存者中，相对于急性后的第一年，在TBI后的第一年，认知功能显着改善。有证据表明TBI第一年的神经连通性恢复了。该提议的中心假设是，非穿透儿科TBI后的认知缺陷反映了白质损伤和断开连接，并且认知恢复与神经网络连接的恢复有关。连通性将使用结构性脑成像（MRI和DTI）以及功能（电生理学，fMRI和神经心理学）方法进行评估。我们将研究特别容易受到TBI造成的白质（WM）破坏的大脑系统的结构和功能。 call体（CC）和额叶 - 长期（FTP）网络将研究空间工作记忆，作为TBI中断的神经网络的典范。行为神经科学和神经影像学的创新方法将用于评估这些网络的功能，包括单独的前和后CC功能的度量。包括MRI和DTI在内的结构措施将用于评估区域WM变化。该功能和结构措施将在60名中/重度TBI和60岁和性别匹配的对照的儿童中纵向施用。将在急性后（TB I后2-4个月）对儿童进行研究，并长期（损伤后12个月）研究以下假设：TBI后TBI后神经认知恢复与WM连通性和体积的增加有关。该项目将开发用于研究TBI之后CC中大脑/行为关系的方法，这些方法可以转化为小动物的实验研究，以帮助开发新的疗法。通过阐明构成自然存在的白质损伤和修复的机制，该项目将确定潜在的新目标，以加速神经认知恢复过程。 公共卫生相关性：中度重度创伤性脑损伤的儿童将进行2-4个月的研究，并在伤害后12个月，以检验以下假设：TBI后TBI后的神经认知恢复与白质连接性和体积的增加有关。创新的大脑成像和行为神经科学方法将用于评估小儿TBI后大脑结构和功能的变化。通过阐明构成自然存在的白质损伤和修复的机制，该项目将确定潜在的新目标，以加速神经认知恢复过程。