Efficient Assessment of Visual Deficits and Rehabilitation Methods in Amblyopia

弱视视觉缺陷的有效评估和康复方法

• 批准号: 8295181
• 负责人: ZHONG-LIN LU
• 金额: $ 44.22万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-05-01 至 2017-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8295181
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Amblyopia; Automobile Driving; Basic Science; Binocular Vision; Child; Childhood; Clinical Research; Complex; Contrast Sensitivity; Defect; Dependence; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Etiology; Evaluation; Eye; Eyedrops; Goals; Impairment; Individual; Individual Differences; Letters; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Monocular Vision; Ocular Pathology; Optics; Outcome Measure; Pathology; Performance; Population; Psychophysiology; Reading; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Sensory Process; Sports; Syndrome; Testing; Translating; Vision; Vision research; Visual; Visual impairment; base; clinical application; conventional therapy; design; grasp; improved; monocular; novel; rehabilitation strategy; response; visual process; visual processing

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Amblyopia is the leading cause of visual impairment in children and affects approximately 3-5% of the population worldwide. The disorder causes a syndrome of monocular and binocular deficits that persist after optical correction, in the absence of observable ocular pathology. Current treatment for amblyopia is unsuccessful in 25-50% of cases and rarely restores normal binocular vision. The broad range of deficits observed in amblyopia, its different etiologies, and the individual differences in responsiveness to treatment, suggest that multiple functional defects underlie amblyopic visual impairment. This proposal aims to isolate the core deficits that underlie the spectrum of amblyopic visual impairment, develop novel testing methods that efficiently characterize such core deficits, and evaluate how these deficits are affected by current and emerging therapies. Though the list of core deficits we propose to study may not be exhaustive, and other deficits may contribute to amblyopia, developing a framework that improves methods for monocular and binocular visual assessment will facilitate diagnosis, treatment and management of amblyopia and other visual impairments. In Aim 1, we will develop and test novel methods for rapidly assessing contrast sensitivity, binocular interaction, and spatial distortion in normal and amblyopic vision at the individual leve. In Aim 2, we will quantify the dependence of broad visual pathologies observed in amblyopia on core deficits in contrast sensitivity, binocular combination, and spatial distortion. In Aim 3, we will evaluate how conventional and emerging amblyopia treatments remediate each core deficit. The overall goal of the proposed research is therefore to develop and translate state-of-the-art psychophysical methods to clinical applications. Accomplishing the proposed aims will provide new and improved methods for (1) quantifying normal and impaired monocular and binocular vision, (2) analyzing and diagnosing visual impairment, and (3) implementing customizable rehabilitation strategies for visual impairment. The eventual development of comprehensive rehabilitative therapies for amblyopia could be achieved by targeting the core deficits. Each aim addresses a goal of the NEI's National Plan for Eye and Vision Research. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Amblyopia, the most common cause of visual impairment in childhood, produces a syndrome of monocular and binocular visual deficits. Existing treatments for amblyopia are unsuccessful in up to 50% cases and rarely restore binocular vision. This proposal aims to isolate the core deficits that underlie the spectrum of amblyopic visual impairment, develop novel testing methods that efficiently characterize such core deficits, and evaluate how these deficits are affected by current and emerging therapies.

描述（由申请人提供）：弱视是儿童视力障碍的主要原因，影响着全世界大约 3-5% 的人口。这种疾病会导致单眼和双眼缺陷综合征，在光学矫正后，在没有可观察到的眼部病理的情况下，这种缺陷仍然存在。目前的弱视治疗有 25-50% 的病例不成功，并且很少能恢复正常的双眼视力。在弱视中观察到的广泛的缺陷、其不同的病因以及对治疗反应的个体差异， 表明多种功能缺陷是弱视视觉障碍的基础。该提案旨在分离出弱视视觉障碍范围内的核心缺陷，开发有效表征此类核心缺陷的新测试方法，并评估当前和新兴疗法如何影响这些缺陷。尽管我们建议研究的核心缺陷清单可能并不详尽，而且其他缺陷也可能导致弱视，但开发一个改进单眼和双眼视觉评估方法的框架将有助于弱视和其他视觉障碍的诊断、治疗和管理。在目标 1 中，我们将开发和测试新方法，用于快速评估个体水平的正常和弱视视力的对比敏感度、双眼相互作用和空间扭曲。在目标 2 中，我们将量化弱视中观察到的广泛视觉病理对对比敏感度、双眼组合和空间扭曲等核心缺陷的依赖性。在目标 3 中，我们将评估传统和新兴弱视治疗如何修复每个核心缺陷。因此，拟议研究的总体目标是开发最先进的心理物理学方法并将其转化为临床应用。实现所提出的目标将为以下方面提供新的和改进的方法：（1）量化正常和受损的单眼和双眼视力，（2）分析和诊断视力障碍，以及（3）实施针对视力障碍的可定制康复策略。通过针对核心缺陷，可以最终开发出针对弱视的综合康复疗法。每个目标都涉及 NEI 国家眼睛和视力研究计划的目标。 公共卫生相关性：弱视是儿童视力障碍的最常见原因，会产生单眼和双眼视力缺陷综合征。现有的弱视治疗方法在高达 50% 的病例中都没有成功，并且很少能恢复双眼视力。该提案旨在分离出弱视视觉障碍范围内的核心缺陷，开发有效表征此类核心缺陷的新测试方法，并评估当前和新兴疗法如何影响这些缺陷。