EFFECTS OF PRENATAL EXPOSURE TO NICOTINE ON PRIMATE LUNG DEVELOPMENT

产前接触尼古丁对灵长类动物肺部发育的影响

• 批准号: 8357728
• 负责人: ELIOT R SPINDEL
• 金额: $ 7.28万
• 依托单位: OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-05-01 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8357728
• 关键词: Child; Chronic; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Data; Exposure to; Fetal Development; Fetal Growth Retardation; Funding; Grant; Incidence; Infant; Intervention; Lead; Lung; Lung diseases; Macaca mulatta; Molecular; Molecular Analysis; Monkeys; Mothers; National Center for Research Resources; Nicotine; Nicotinic Receptors; Pregnancy; Primates; Principal Investigator; Research; Research Infrastructure; Resources; Respiratory physiology; Smoke; Smoking; Source; Sudden infant death syndrome; United States National Institutes of Health; Woman; base; cost; fetal; fetal tobacco exposure; lung development; maternal cigarette smoking; offspring; premature; prenatal exposure; prevent; programs; pulmonary function; smoking cessation

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. Maternal smoking is the major preventable cause of intrauterine growth retardation and prematurity. Recent evidence shows that developing lung is also highly sensitive to maternal smoking and that smoking during pregnancy leads to decreased lung function, increased respiratory diseases and increased incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in the offspring. Given that every year more than 400,000 infants in the US alone are born to women who smoked during pregnancy, it is of major importance to find ways to prevent those changes. Our data shows that nicotine is one of the factors responsible for the changes in pulmonary function present in children born to smoking mothers. In this project, rhesus monkeys are used to characterize the effects of chronic exposure to low levels of nicotine throughout pregnancy on lung development and function. The purposes of this project are to 1) characterize the molecular basis for nicotine's actions by determining how nicotine effects the functioning of nicotinic receptors in fetal monkey lung; 2) characterize the effect of fetal nicotine exposure on lung development by functional, morphometric, immunohistochemical and molecular analysis; and 3) develop ways to block the effects of nicotine on lung development that can lead to clinical interventions that can be combined with vigorous smoking cessation programs in pregnant smokers in order to help the offspring of smoking mothers. Progress this year is helping lead to planned clinical trials to block some of the effects of maternal smoking on fetal development.

该子项目是利用资源的众多研究子项目之一 由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目的主要支持 并且子项目的主要研究者可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括其他 NIH 来源。 子项目可能列出的总成本 代表子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， NCRR 赠款不直接向子项目或子项目工作人员提供资金。 母亲吸烟是导致胎儿宫内发育迟缓和早产的主要可预防原因。 最近的证据表明，发育中的肺部对母亲吸烟也高度敏感，怀孕期间吸烟会导致肺功能下降、呼吸系统疾病增加以及后代婴儿猝死综合症（SIDS）的发生率增加。 鉴于每年仅在美国就有超过 400,000 名婴儿是由怀孕期间吸烟的妇女所生，因此找到防止这些变化的方法至关重要。 我们的数据显示，尼古丁是导致吸烟母亲所生孩子肺功能变化的因素之一。在该项目中，恒河猴被用来表征整个怀孕期间长期接触低水平尼古丁对肺发育和功能的影响。 该项目的目的是 1) 通过确定尼古丁如何影响胎猴肺中烟碱受体的功能来表征尼古丁作用的分子基础； 2) 通过功能、形态测量、免疫组织化学和分子分析来表征胎儿尼古丁暴露对肺发育的影响； 3）开发阻止尼古丁对肺部发育影响的方法，从而采取临床干预措施，与怀孕吸烟者的大力戒烟计划相结合，以帮助吸烟母亲的后代。今年的进展正在帮助开展计划中的临床试验，以阻止母亲吸烟对胎儿发育的一些影响。