Social-Emotional Development of Infants At Risk for Autism Spectrum

有自闭症谱系风险的婴儿的社会情感发展

• 批准号: 8323829
• 负责人: DANIEL S MESSINGER
• 金额: $ 66.27万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-30 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8323829
• 关键词: Affect; Affective; Age; Age-Months; Area; Attention; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Child; Communication; Complex; Comprehension; Development; Developmental Process; Diagnosis; Disease; Emotional; Equation; Exhibits; Eye; Face; Face Processing; Health; Heterogeneity; Impairment; Individual Differences; Infant; Infant Behavior; Infant Development; Investigation; Language; Language Delays; Learning; Life; Light; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Methods; Modeling; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Pathway interactions; Persons; Phenotype; Procedures; Production; Prospective Studies; Psychopathology; Relative (related person); Risk; Sampling; Short-Term Memory; Siblings; Site; Smiling; Stimulus; Symptoms; age group; base; cohort; high risk; joint attention; longitudinal design; model development; novel; positive emotional state; postnatal; preference; prospective; response; social; social skills; standard measure

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Infant siblings of children with ASD exhibit substantial variability in their social-communicative outcomes: some manifest behaviors consistent with an autism spectrum diagnosis, others exhibit less severe symptoms such as language delay, and others evidence no detectable disorder. This cross-site, Vanderbilt- Miami project will examine the extent to which early impairments in specific attentional and affective mechanisms - both of which are putative core deficits of autism - explain the behavioral heterogeneity that is observed in these high-risk children. We focus specifically on the domains of attention coordination and positive affective competencies, and examine their development across the first two years of postnatal life (i.e., from 6 to 18 months) and their relation to later social and communicative outcomes at age 24 and 36 months. The overarching hypotheses are that there will be developmental continuity in these domains across the first two years, that early differences in these domains will be evident between groups at high- and low-risk for ASD, and that early impairments will predict individual differences in social and communicative outcomes observed in later-born ASD siblings. Specific areas of investigation include the relation between positive affective competencies in dyadic and triadic contexts across the first year of life, the contributions of early positive affective competencies and attention coordination to the emergence of positive joint attention competencies in the second year of life, and the extent to which individual differences in early positive affective competencies and attention coordination contribute to later autism symptomatology. This prospective longitudinal project will compare developmental trajectories and outcomes in 200 infant siblings of children diagnosed with ASD (Sib-ASD) and 100 infant siblings of typically developing children (Sib-TD). A split panel longitudinal design will allow us to examine development both within- and across- age-group cohorts from 6 months to 36 months of age. This project employs novel methods and measurement of infant behavior including electrophysiological and eye tracking measures, measures of positive affect communication and representation, and longitudinal measures of sharing positive emotion about objects with others. Longitudinal structural equation modeling and mixed modeling procedures are utilized to assess differences in the development of typically developing and at- risk siblings and to predict heterogeneity in the outcomes of the at-risk siblings of children with ASD. The project employs a developmental psychopathology perspective to shed light on normative and disturbed longitudinal pathways toward heterogenous outcomes. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The prospective study of younger siblings of children with ASD offers an ideal opportunity to learn about the earliest signs of autism as well as the development, manifestation, and boundaries of the broader autism phenotype. This information is critical for understanding the causes of autism and for developing more effective and targeted treatments.

描述（由申请人提供）：ASD儿童的婴儿兄弟姐妹的社会交流结局表现出很大的可变性：某些与自闭症谱系诊断一致的明显行为，其他行为则表现出较少的严重症状，例如语言延迟，而其他证据则没有可检测的障碍。这个跨站点的范德比尔特 - 迈阿密项目将研究特定注意力和情感机制中的早期损害的程度（这两者都是自闭症的假定核心缺陷）解释这些高危儿童中观察到的行为异质性。我们专门关注关注协调和积极的情感能力领域，并研究其在产后生活的头两年（即6到18个月）的发展，以及它们与24岁和36个月时代后期的社会和交流结果的关系。总体假设是，在头两年中，这些领域将存在发展的连续性，这些领域的早期差异将在ASD的高风险和低风险的群体之间显而易见，并且早期的障碍将预测在后来的ASD ASD兄弟姐妹中观察到的社会和沟通成果的个体差异。调查的特定领域包括生命第一年的二元组和三合会环境中积极的情感能力，早期积极的情感能力的贡献以及对生命第二年积极关注能力出现的出现的贡献，以及生命中积极关注能力的出现，以及在早期积极的情感能力中的个人差异以及对较早的注意力协调的贡献，对后来的自动化学有助于自动化学症状。这个前瞻性纵向项目将比较诊断为ASD（SIB-ASD）的儿童的200个婴儿兄弟姐妹的发育轨迹和成果，并比较典型的儿童（SIB-TD）的100个婴儿兄弟姐妹（SIB-TD）。分裂的面板纵向设计将使我们能够检查6个月至36个月大的群体内和跨年龄群体的发展。该项目采用新颖的方法和对婴儿行为的测量，包括电生理和眼动追踪度量，衡量积极影响沟通和表示的度量以及与他人共享对象的积极情绪的纵向测量。纵向结构方程建模和混合建模程序可用于评估典型发展和风险兄弟姐妹的发展差异，并预测ASD儿童危险兄弟姐妹的结果中的异质性。该项目采用发展心理病理学的观点来阐明规范性和干扰纵向途径的异质结果。公共卫生相关性：对ASD儿童的年轻兄弟姐妹的前瞻性研究为了解自闭症的最早迹象以及更广泛的自闭症表型的发展，表现和界限提供了理想的机会。该信息对于理解自闭症的原因和开发更有效和有针对性的治疗至关重要。