Neural Correlates of Implicit Processes of Attention & Emotion in Alcoholism

内隐注意力过程的神经关联

• 批准号: 8314139
• 负责人: TILMAN SCHULTE
• 金额: $ 41.46万
• 依托单位: SRI INTERNATIONAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-30 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8314139
• 关键词: Alcohol consumption; Alcoholism; Alcohols; Amygdaloid structure; Anterior; Architecture; Attention; Behavior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Beverages; Brain; Brain imaging; Characteristics; Chronic; Cognition; Cognitive Therapy; Color; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Dissociation; Down-Regulation; Emotional; Emotions; Exhibits; Face; Fiber; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Individual; Inferior; Intervention; Lead; Measures; Medial; Methods; Occipital lobe; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Pattern; Performance; Play; Process; Regulation; Relapse; Reporting; Resources; Rewards; Role; Sensory; Series; Site; Source; Stimulus; System; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Thalamic structure; Variant; Ventral Striatum; alcohol misuse; alcohol use disorder; base; cingulate cortex; cognitive control; conflict resolution; drinking; emotion regulation; emotional stimulus; experience; frontal lobe; gray matter; improved; in vivo; interest; mood regulation; novel; prevent; problem drinker; public health relevance; putamen; relating to nervous system; response; sobriety

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Deficits in impaired inhibitory control functions and in sustained goal-directed behavior have long been identified as key features of alcoholism. Alcohol-use disorders (AUD) are also associated with abnormalities in emotional processing, with a number of studies reporting that selective brain systems that engage the amygdala play a crucial role in a tendency to experience negative emotion and in promoting alcohol intake. Delineation of the interplay between voluntary cognitive control (conceived as an explicit or "top-down" process that require allocation of attentional resources) and emotional responsiveness (conceived as an implicit or "bottom-up" process) is fundamental for understanding behavioral regulation and emotionally motivated actions towards alcohol misuse. The extent to which excessive alcohol use contributes to deficits in cognitive control or to enhanced automatic responsiveness is unknown but can be interrogated experimentally by presentation of affectively laden stimuli. Our recent behavioral studies indicate both disturbed bottom-up processing of redundant sensory information and impaired top-down control of conflict resolution in chronic alcoholics, and lay the foundation for the proposed studies. The primary goal of this project is to identify the neural correlates of implicit bottom-up influences and top-down regulation of emotion and cognition in alcoholism through the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), conventional MRI, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), noninvasive, in vivo methods for studying the functional, macrostructural, and microstructural architecture of the brain. The specific aims of this proposal are to (1) determine how chronic alcoholics differ from controls in component processes of attention-emotion regulation, (2) identify the neural correlates of attention-emotion systems in alcoholism with fMRI, and (3) determine the effects of alcoholism on relationships among regional microstructural brain status (DTI), functional brain networks (fMRI), gray matter foci (MRI), and performance measures. We propose a series of behavioral, structural, and functional MRI studies of attention-emotion processing to examine the extent to which alcoholics have selectively disrupted or preserved automatic bottom-up and attentional top-down control processing of emotional stimuli. The identification of sources of disruption of neural systems of attention and emotion should lead to an understanding of the impact of implicit and explicit control of behavior and has implications for developing interventions for improving cognitive behavioral therapies in individuals with AUD. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Alcoholics, even when abstinent, often have to exert voluntary control to suppress the urge to drink. The purpose of this proposal is to use brain imaging to understand the neural basis of the drive to alcoholic drinking and its control, which in turn may lead to treatments for maintaining sobriety and preventing relapse.

描述（由申请人提供）：长期以来，抑制性控制功能和持续目标指导行为的缺陷已被确定为酒精中毒的关键特征。酒精使用障碍（AUD）也与情绪处理中的异常有关，许多研究报告说，吸引杏仁核的选择性大脑系统在经历负面情绪和促进酒精摄入方面起着至关重要的作用。描述自愿认知控制（被认为是需要分配注意力资源的明确或“自上而下”过程）与情感反应性（被认为是隐式或“自下而上”的过程）之间的相互作用是理解行为调节和对滥用酒精滥用行为的行为的基础。过量的酒精使用导致认知控制或增强自动反应能力的程度尚不清楚，但可以通过表现出有情的负载刺激来实验审查。我们最近的行为研究表明，冗余感觉信息的自下而上处理以及对慢性酒精中毒冲突的自上而下的控制损害，并为拟议的研究奠定了基础。该项目的主要目的是通过使用功能磁共振成像（FMRI），常规MRI和扩散张量张量成像（DTI），无创，无创脑料构造，通过功能性启动方法来确定隐式自下而上影响的神经相关性和酒精中毒的自上而下调节的神经相关性。该提案的具体目的是（1）确定在注意力 - 情感调节过程中长期与对照的不同，（2）确定酒精中毒与FMRI中注意力情绪系统的神经相关性，（3）确定酒精中毒对酗酒对区域微观结构大脑状态之间关系的影响（brain Envertry（dti），FMRI（FMRI）（MRIA）（MR）（MR）（MR）（MR）（MR）。我们提出了一系列对注意力情绪处理的行为，结构和功能性MRI研究，以研究酗酒者在多大程度上有选择性地破坏或保留了自动自下而上的自下而上和注意力降低情绪刺激的控制处理。鉴定关注和情感神经系统的破坏来源应导致对隐式和明确控制行为的影响的理解，并具有开发干预措施，以改善AUD患者的认知行为疗法。 公共卫生相关性：酗酒者即使戒酒，也常常必须自愿控制以抑制饮酒的冲动。该提案的目的是使用大脑成像来了解酒精饮酒及其控制的神经基础，这反过来又可能导致治疗清醒和预防复发。

项目成果

Parallel interhemispheric processing in hemineglect: relation to visual field defects.

半球忽视的并行半球间处理：与视野缺陷的关系。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.04.014
• 发表时间: 2009
• 期刊: Neuropsychologia
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: Muller-Oehring,EvaM;Schulte,Tilman;Kasten,Erich;Poggel,DorotheA;Muller,Iris;Wustenberg,Torsten;Sabel,BernhardA
• 通讯作者: Sabel,BernhardA