Growth recovery, schooling and cognitive achievement: Evidence from four cohorts

生长恢复、学校教育和认知成就：来自四个队列的证据

• 批准号: 8221361
• 负责人: Kirk Allen Dearden
• 金额: $ 37.8万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-06-15 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8221361
• 关键词: 1 year old; 12 year old; 2 year old; 5 year old; Academic achievement; Achievement; Address; Adolescent; Adopted; Adult; Affect; Age; Area; Attention; Castes; Characteristics; Child; Child Development; Child health care; Childhood; Clinic; Cognition; Cognitive; Communities; Community Health Services; Country; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Data Set; Databases; Developing Countries; Development; Disadvantaged; Economics; Education; Enrollment; Ethiopia; Ethnic Origin; Etiology; Event; Expenditure; Failure; Family; Food; Gender; Growth; Growth and Development function; Health education; Height; Income; India; Individual; Intervention; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Life Experience; Longitudinal Studies; Low income; Malnutrition; Measures; Nutritional; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Performance; Personal Satisfaction; Peru; Policies; Poverty; Price; Probability; Race; Recovery; Relative (related person); Research; Rural; Sample Size; School Enrollments; Schools; Shock; Stress; Testing; Time; Vietnam; Work; base; child poverty; cognitive function; cohort; experience; food security; improved; innovation; nutrition; parental involvement; residence; sex; social capital; time use

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): It is commonly argued that unless under nutrition is addressed in the first 2-3 years of life, the window of opportunity for improving both growth and cognitive development of children, adolescents and adults is severely limited. However, many children who experience linear growth retardation in their first 2-3 years of life experience growth recovery later in childhood. In Peru, for example, 37% of children who were stunted at age 12 (16) mo were not stunted at age 5 y. Further, the cognitive achievement of children who recovered from stunting was no different from the cognitive achievement of children who were not stunted at either time point. The causality of this association has not been determined, and the determinants of early life growth recovery are not known. The objective of this study is to understand (1) what determines recovery from early growth failure (physically stunted at 1 year of age but not at 5 years of age), and (2) how recovery from early growth failure affects (a) schooling (b) cognitive development, and (c) academic achievement through age 12 y. We propose innovative systematic analyses of recent, very rich longitudinal data on children from four low and middle income countries on three continents. We will conduct secondary analysis of the Young Lives (YL) database. YL is the largest cross-national cohort dataset on poverty and child well-being in the developing world and is ideally placed to permit examination of the long-term impact of nutritional recovery on schooling, cognitive development and academic achievement among children growing up in the 21st century over a very significant period of their lives in a range of diverse, developing country contexts. We will analyze data from all four YL countries: Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam. We will examine data for each of the four rounds of data collection (when children were 1, 5, 8 and 12 years of age). The four diverse settings and large sample sizes permit an examination of consistency across countries and an exploration of the additional burdens posed by disparities within countries in class/caste, sex, race, ethnicity, level of poverty, parental schooling and region of residence. This research is highly relevant to policies regarding children's health and education. Findings will (1) improve understanding of age patterns in growth faltering and recovery in relation to schooling and outcomes in diverse contexts, and (2) inform other long-term studies on nutritional recovery including work that tests the impact of clinic-, school- and community-based interventions on cognitive function and academic achievement. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Many children who experience linear growth retardation in their first 2-3 years of life experience growth recovery later in childhood. The objective of this study is to understand (1) what determines recovery from early growth failure between 1 and 5 years of age and (2) how recovery from early growth failure affects schooling, cognitive development and academic achievement through age 12 years. We will conduct secondary analysis of the Young Lives database which includes information about four cohorts of children living in Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam. Findings will (1) improve understanding of age patterns in growth faltering and recovery in relation to schooling and outcomes in diverse contexts, and (2) inform other long-term studies on nutritional recovery, schooling, cognition and academic achievement.

描述（由申请人提供）：通常认为，除非在生命的最初2 - 3年中解决营养，否则改善儿童，青少年和成人的成长和认知发展的机会之窗将受到严重限制。但是，许多在童年后期生命的最初2 - 3年经历增长康复的孩子。例如，在秘鲁，有37％的12岁（16）个MO的儿童在5岁时没有发育。此外，从发育迟缓中康复的儿童的认知成就与在任何一个时间点都没有受阻的儿童的认知成就没有什么不同。该关联的因果关系尚未确定，并且尚不清楚早期生命生长恢复的决定因素。这项研究的目的是了解（1）决定了从早期生长失败中恢复的原因（在1岁时身体受阻，而不是在5岁时），以及（2）（2）（2）从早期生长失败中恢复如何影响（a）教育（a）认知发展，以及（c）12岁Y年龄的学术成就。我们建议对来自三大大洲四个低收入国家和中等收入国家的儿童的最新，非常丰富的纵向数据进行创新的系统分析。我们将对年轻生活（YL）数据库进行次要分析。 YL是发展中国家最大的关于贫困和儿童福祉的跨国人群数据集，理想情况下，可以允许研究营养康复对21世纪成长的儿童对教育，认知发展和学术成就的长期影响，这是在多元化的，发展中国家的环境中，在他们一生中非常重要的一段时间里。我们将分析来自所有四个国家 /地区的数据：埃塞俄比亚，印度，秘鲁和越南。我们将检查四回合数据收集的每个数据（儿童年龄在1、5和12岁时）。四种不同的环境和大型样本量允许检查各国之间的一致性，并探索阶级/种姓，性别，种族，种族，贫困水平，父母教育和居住地区的国家差异所带来的额外负担。这项研究与有关儿童健康和教育的政策高度相关。调查结果将（1）提高对成长中的年龄模式的理解，而在各种环境中，与学校和成果有关，以及（2）为营养恢复的其他长期研究提供了一些信息，包括测试临床，学校和社区干预对认知功能和学术成就的影响的工作。 公共卫生相关性：许多在童年后期生命的最初2 - 3年经历增长恢复中经历线性增长的儿童。这项研究的目的是了解（1）决定了1至5岁之间早期生长失败的恢复，以及（2）从早期生长失败中恢复如何影响教育，认知发展和到12岁的学术成就。我们将对年轻生活数据库进行次要分析，其中包括有关居住在埃塞俄比亚，印度，秘鲁和越南的四个儿童的信息。调查结果将（1）提高对成长中的年龄模式的理解，而在各种环境中的学校和成果相关，以及（2）为营养康复，教育，认知和学术成就提供其他长期研究。