Growth recovery, schooling and cognitive achievement: Evidence from four cohorts

生长恢复、学校教育和认知成就：来自四个队列的证据

基本信息

批准号：
8221361
负责人：
Kirk Allen Dearden
金额：
$ 37.8万
依托单位：
BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-06-15 至 2016-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8221361
关键词：
1 year old 12 year old 2 year old 5 year old Academic achievement Achievement Address Adolescent Adopted Adult Affect Age Area Attention Castes Characteristics Child Child Development Child health care Childhood Clinic Cognition Cognitive Communities Community Health Services Country Data Data Analyses Data Collection Data Set Databases Developing Countries Development Disadvantaged Economics Education Enrollment Ethiopia Ethnic Origin Etiology Event Expenditure Failure Family Food Gender Growth Growth and Development function Health education Height Income India Individual Intervention Life Life Cycle Stages Life Experience Longitudinal Studies Low income Malnutrition Measures Nutritional Outcome Patient Self-Report Pattern Performance Personal Satisfaction Peru Policies Poverty Price Probability Race Recovery Relative (related person)Research Rural Sample Size School Enrollments Schools Shock Stress Testing Time Vietnam Work base child poverty cognitive function cohort experience food security improved innovation nutrition parental involvement residence sex social capital time use

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): It is commonly argued that unless under nutrition is addressed in the first 2-3 years of life, the window of opportunity for improving both growth and cognitive development of children, adolescents and adults is severely limited. However, many children who experience linear growth retardation in their first 2-3 years of life experience growth recovery later in childhood. In Peru, for example, 37% of children who were stunted at age 12 (16) mo were not stunted at age 5 y. Further, the cognitive achievement of children who recovered from stunting was no different from the cognitive achievement of children who were not stunted at either time point. The causality of this association has not been determined, and the determinants of early life growth recovery are not known. The objective of this study is to understand (1) what determines recovery from early growth failure (physically stunted at 1 year of age but not at 5 years of age), and (2) how recovery from early growth failure affects (a) schooling (b) cognitive development, and (c) academic achievement through age 12 y. We propose innovative systematic analyses of recent, very rich longitudinal data on children from four low and middle income countries on three continents. We will conduct secondary analysis of the Young Lives (YL) database. YL is the largest cross-national cohort dataset on poverty and child well-being in the developing world and is ideally placed to permit examination of the long-term impact of nutritional recovery on schooling, cognitive development and academic achievement among children growing up in the 21st century over a very significant period of their lives in a range of diverse, developing country contexts. We will analyze data from all four YL countries: Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam. We will examine data for each of the four rounds of data collection (when children were 1, 5, 8 and 12 years of age). The four diverse settings and large sample sizes permit an examination of consistency across countries and an exploration of the additional burdens posed by disparities within countries in class/caste, sex, race, ethnicity, level of poverty, parental schooling and region of residence. This research is highly relevant to policies regarding children's health and education. Findings will (1) improve understanding of age patterns in growth faltering and recovery in relation to schooling and outcomes in diverse contexts, and (2) inform other long-term studies on nutritional recovery including work that tests the impact of clinic-, school- and community-based interventions on cognitive function and academic achievement. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Many children who experience linear growth retardation in their first 2-3 years of life experience growth recovery later in childhood. The objective of this study is to understand (1) what determines recovery from early growth failure between 1 and 5 years of age and (2) how recovery from early growth failure affects schooling, cognitive development and academic achievement through age 12 years. We will conduct secondary analysis of the Young Lives database which includes information about four cohorts of children living in Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam. Findings will (1) improve understanding of age patterns in growth faltering and recovery in relation to schooling and outcomes in diverse contexts, and (2) inform other long-term studies on nutritional recovery, schooling, cognition and academic achievement.

描述（由申请人提供）：人们普遍认为，除非在生命的最初 2-3 年内解决营养不足的问题，否则改善儿童、青少年和成人的生长和认知发展的机会之窗将受到严重限制。然而，许多在生命最初 2-3 年经历线性生长迟缓的儿童在童年后期经历了生长恢复。例如，在秘鲁，12 (16) 岁发育迟缓的儿童中有 37% 在 5 岁时并未发育迟缓。此外，从发育迟缓中恢复的儿童的认知成就与在任一时间点均未发育迟缓的儿童的认知成就没有什么不同。这种关联的因果关系尚未确定，早期生命生长恢复的决定因素尚不清楚。本研究的目的是了解 (1) 是什么决定了早期生长障碍的恢复（1 岁时身体发育迟缓，但 5 岁时则不然），以及 (2) 早期生长障碍的恢复如何影响 (a) 学校教育(b) 认知发展，以及 (c) 12 岁之前的学业成绩。我们建议对来自三大洲四个低收入和中等收入国家的儿童的近期非常丰富的纵向数据进行创新的系统分析。我们将对Young Lives（YL）数据库进行二次分析。 YL 是关于发展中国家贫困和儿童福祉的最大跨国队列数据集，非常适合研究营养恢复对发展中国家儿童的学校教育、认知发展和学业成绩的长期影响。 21 世纪，他们在许多不同的发展中国家背景下度过了人生中非常重要的时期。我们将分析来自所有四个 YL 国家的数据：埃塞俄比亚、印度、秘鲁和越南。我们将检查四轮数据收集中每一轮的数据（儿童分别为 1、5、8 和 12 岁）。四种不同的环境和大样本量允许检查各国之间的一致性，并探索各国内部在阶级/种姓、性别、种族、民族、贫困程度、父母教育和居住地区方面的差异所造成的额外负担。这项研究与儿童健康和教育政策高度相关。研究结果将（1）增进对与不同背景下的学校教育和结果相关的生长迟缓和恢复的年龄模式的理解，以及（2）为其他有关营养恢复的长期研究提供信息，包括测试临床、学校影响的工作。以及基于社区的认知功能和学业成绩干预措施。公共卫生相关性：许多在生命最初 2-3 年内经历线性生长迟缓的儿童在童年后期会经历生长恢复。本研究的目的是了解 (1) 决定 1 至 5 岁早期生长障碍恢复的因素以及 (2) 早期生长障碍恢复如何影响 12 岁之前的学校教育、认知发展和学业成绩。我们将对 Young Lives 数据库进行二次分析，其中包括居住在埃塞俄比亚、印度、秘鲁和越南的四组儿童的信息。研究结果将（1）提高对不同背景下的生长迟缓和恢复的年龄模式与学校教育和结果的理解，以及（2）为其他有关营养恢复、学校教育、认知和学业成绩的长期研究提供信息。