"African American Offenders: Drug Use, Mental Health and HIV Risk"

“非裔美国人罪犯：吸毒、心理健康和艾滋病毒风险”

• 批准号: 8328062
• 负责人: Danelle J Stevens-Watkins
• 金额: $ 14.8万
• 依托单位: SPALDING UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-05-01 至 2017-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8328062
• 关键词: African American; Anxiety; Award; Biometry; Chronic; Clinical; Communities; Complex; Counseling; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Depressive disorder; Development Plans; Drug Use Disorder; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Environment; Epidemiology; Equation; Funding; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; Health; Health Resources; Housing; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Imprisonment; Incidence; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Kentucky; Knowledge; Life; Manuscripts; Mediating; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental Health Services; Mentors; Methods; Modeling; Outcome; Participant; Pattern; Phase; Populations at Risk; Pre-Post Tests; Prevalence; Prisoner; Prisons; Process; Protocols documentation; Psychologist; Public Health; Publishing; Recording of previous events; Recovery; Research; Research Personnel; Research Proposals; Research Training; Resources; Review Literature; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Social support; Specific qualifier value; Structural Models; Substance abuse problem; Symptoms; Techniques; Testing; Training; Universities; Unsafe Sex; Writing; career; career development; community reentry; correctional system; depressive symptoms; drug testing; experience; follow-up; health care service utilization; health disparity; high risk; high risk sexual behavior; impression; improved; intravenous drug use; male; men; men who have sex with men; named group; offender; prevent; psychologic; public health research; racism; sex risk

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primary goal of this K08 award is to further develop a productive independent research career in drug abuse research. The training and career development plan will enhance Dr. Stevens-Watkins's research experience in primary data collection with prisoners focused on drug use, mental health, and HIV thus resulting in the clarification of the specific aims of an R01 submission in years 4 and 5. The proposed training objectives are: (1) to receive training in the epidemiology of drug abuse, mental health, and HIV as they relate to health disparities among African Americans; (2) to further develop expertise in research with special populations, biostatistics, and advanced quantitative analyses including non-linear, categorical models, and structural equation modeling; (3) to use the data collected in the proposed research plan as pilot data for an R01 research proposal. The specified training goals are aligned with the research aims and compliment the clinical experience of the candidate. Dr. Stevens-Watkins will be sponsored by her established mentors, Drs. Carl Leukefeld and Carrie Oser, both with expertise in drug abuse and HIV research. Of high significance, HIV has recently been termed a "crisis" in the African American community. The overall goal of the proposed research plan is to better understand the complex and dynamic relationship between drug use, mental health, and HIV risk among African American male prisoners nearing community re-entry. The specific aims are (1) to explore drug use, symptoms of depression and anxiety, and HIV risk behaviors among African American male inmates by conducting a thorough literature review and devising an analytical model using biostatics multivariate analytic techniques with available data; (2) to identify prevalence, incidence, and predictors of drug use disorders, anxiety, depressive disorders and HIV sexual risk behaviors among 205 incarcerated African American men; (3) to examine the knowledge, patterns, and perceived cultural and community barriers to utilizing individual and health resources and their relationship to substance abuse recovery and HIV risk behaviors among 205 African American men upon release from prison. Baseline data will be collected in prison and follow-up data collection will occur when participants have been released in the community after 3-months. The proposed research plan will offer HIV testing and counseling to an at-risk population that has historically been difficult to engage in research and HIV testing, subsequently significantly impacting public health by possibly preventing the spread of HIV. The candidate's immediate career goals include published manuscripts and R01 funding by the end of K08 funding, with an ultimate career goal of becoming an independent clinical drug abuse researcher. This proposal includes an outstanding mentoring team, as well as a feasible training and research plan utilizing resources offered by both Spalding University and the University of Kentucky. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed project has significant public health implications for reducing the spread of HIV among the African American community by offering testing and by targeting men exiting prison, re-entering the community. The proposed project will generate an improved understanding of the complex relationship between drug use, mental health, and HIV risk among an at-risk group.

描述（由申请人提供）：该K08奖的主要目标是进一步发展毒品滥用研究的富有成效的独立研究职业。培训和职业发展计划将增强史蒂文斯·瓦特金斯（Stevens-Watkins）博士在主要数据收集中的研究经验，囚犯的囚犯专注于吸毒，心理健康和艾滋病毒，从而阐明了4年和5年内R01提交的特定目标。提议的培训目标是：（1）接受药物滥用，心理健康和HEIV的培训，以及对毒品的培训，以及与健康相关的疾病，以使他们不适合健康。 （2）进一步发展具有特殊人群，生物统计学和高级定量分析的研究专业知识，包括非线性，分类模型和结构方程模型； （3）使用拟议的研究计划中收集的数据作为R01研究建议的试点数据。指定的培训目标与研究的目的保持一致，并补充候选人的临床经验。史蒂文斯·沃特金斯（Stevens-Watkins）博士将由她的成熟导师博士赞助。卡尔·莱克斐（Carl Leukefeld）和嘉莉·奥塞（Carrie Oser）都在药物滥用和艾滋病毒研究方面具有专业知识。具有很高的意义，艾滋病毒最近被称为非裔美国人社区的“危机”。拟议的研究计划的总体目标是更好地了解近乎社区重新进入的非裔美国男性囚犯的毒品使用，心理健康和艾滋病毒风险之间的复杂而动态的关系。具体目的是（1）探索药物使用，抑郁和焦虑症状以及非裔美国人男性囚犯的艾滋病毒风险行为，通过进行彻底的文献综述并使用生物统计学多变量分析技术与可用数据设计分析模型； （2）确定205名被监禁的非裔美国人男性的药物使用障碍，焦虑，抑郁症和HIV性风险行为的患病率，发病率和预测因素； （3）检查利用个人和卫生资源的知识，模式以及感知的文化和社区障碍，及其与滥用毒品的恢复和艾滋病毒危险行为的关系，在205名非裔美国人从监狱中释放后。将在监狱中收集基线数据，并在3个月后在社区中发布参与者时，将发生随访数据收集。拟议的研究计划将向高危人群提供艾滋病毒测试和咨询，这在历史上很难从事研究和艾滋病毒测试，随后可能会通过防止艾滋病毒的传播来对公共卫生产生重大影响。候选人的直接职业目标包括在K08资金结束时已发表的手稿和R01资金，其职业生涯的最终目标是成为一名独立的临床滥用研究人员。该建议包括一个出色的指导团队，以及利用斯伯丁大学和肯塔基大学提供的资源的可行培训和研究计划。 公共卫生相关性：拟议的项目通过提供测试和目标将艾滋病毒在非裔美国人社区中的蔓延而降低艾滋病毒的传播具有重大意义，这是通过将艾滋病毒在监狱中退出，重新进入社区的。拟议的项目将对高危人群中的毒品使用，心理健康和艾滋病毒风险之间的复杂关系产生深入的了解。