Modeling the Complex Dynamics between Behaviors and Environments Shaping HIV/STIs

对影响艾滋病毒/性传播感染的行为和环境之间的复杂动态进行建模

• 批准号: 8410456
• 负责人: Tommi Lynn Gaines
• 金额: $ 18.1万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8410456
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adherence; Adopted; Affect; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Research; Biological Models; Biomedical Computing; California; Collection; Communicable Diseases; Complex; Computational algorithm; Computer Simulation; Computing Methodologies; Data; Data Set; Development; Disease; Disease susceptibility; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Drug user; Economics; Educational workshop; Emergency Care; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemic; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiology; Event; Female; Funding; Future; Generic Drugs; Goals; Grant; HIV; HIV/STD; Health; Healthcare; Herpes zoster disease; Home environment; Individual; Injecting drug user; Injection of therapeutic agent; International; Intervention; Knowledge; Laws; Lead; Learning; Life; Link; Location; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Mexico; Modeling; Movement; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Patients; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physical environment; Policies; Policy Making; Population; Populations at Risk; Positioning Attribute; Predisposition; Prevalence; Prevention; Process; Public Health; Regulation; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Risk; Role; Sampling; Sexual Health; Shapes; Simulate; Social Environment; Spatial Distribution; Sterility; Structure; Substance abuse problem; Syringes; System; Time; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Vulnerable Populations; Woman; Work; base; behavior change; behavioral/social science; computational network modeling; condoms; contextual factors; density; epidemiologic data; experience; high risk; innovation; insight; models and simulation; multidisciplinary; next generation; novel strategies; population based; public health research; response; sex; simulation; skills; social; social science research; tool; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) is threefold. This will allow me to: 1) broaden my understanding of the social epidemiology of HIV among drug users and sex workers in a new cultural and environmental context, 2) learn a new methodology in computational modeling of infectious diseases, and 3) facilitate my transition to becoming a productive NIH-funded independent Investigator at the University of California San Diego. The training aims will be accomplished through a combination of specific workshops and coursework, a hands-on research project, and one-on-one mentoring with a Training Committee comprised of experts in areas of HIV-transmission networks, computational modeling, GIS and geospatial analysis, and HIV social epidemiology research in the US/Mexico border regions. This research will be accomplished by conducting multidisciplinary studies on the computational modeling of HIV/STI transmission to construct, validate, and calibrate a computer simulation model reflecting the complex interdependences between individual behavior and environmental influence on HIV/STI. This project will leverage data from an existing NIH/NIDA-funded R01, DA028692-01 ("Evolving HIV/STI risk environments of female sex workers (FSWs) on the Mexico/US border" aka Proyecto Mapa de Salud, PI Kimberly Brouwer) in order to capitalize on the infrastructure and expertise represented by that project. The US/Mexico border is experiencing a burgeoning HIV epidemic, concentrated among high-risk groups such as drug users and FSWs. Computational modeling has been routinely used in areas such as disease epidemiology, health care capacity, and patient flows in emergency care to capture the complex behavior of system but have been slower to be adopted in health-related behavioral and social science research. Computational modeling offers the unique opportunity to address the casual mechanism of HIV/STI risk by examining cyclic relationship of individuals interacting within their environment and in turn their environment shaping risk-related behaviors. The proposed research will allow me to apply newly acquired skills in computational modeling to develop a robust simulation of HIV/STI transmission as we change the context of risks including factors measured at the behavioral, social, physical, and geographical level. This model will be validated and calibrated with extant data sampled from a particularly high-risk population in Tijuana where HIV prevalence among women participating in sex work is 21%. Findings from this research will enhance scientific understanding on which environmental determinants affect population-levels of HIV/STI transmission and could have major implications for the types of evidence that are used to make policy decision and public health interventions. Further, developing skills in computational modeling will uniquely position me as only one of a handful of quantitative methodological researchers in the field of drug abuse possessing such skills, and the only one in the Division of Global Public Health at the University of California, San Diego. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The US/Mexico border is home to an evolving HIV epidemic among vulnerable groups such as drug users and female sex workers but little social epidemiological research has addressed the role of complex interdependencies between individual behavior and environmental influence by modeling the bidirectional relationships between these factors. Findings from the proposed research will enhance scientific understanding of environmental determinants affecting population-levels of HIV/STI transmission and could have major implications for the types of evidence that are used to make policy decisions and public health interventions. Further developing skills in computational modeling of HIV/STI transmission will uniquely position the candidate as one of only a handful of quantitative methodological researchers in the field of drug abuse possessing such skills, and the only one in the Division of Global Public Health at the University of California, San Diego.

描述（由申请人提供）：这一指导研究科学家发展奖（K01）的目的是三倍。这将使我能够：1）在新的文化和环境环境中扩大我对吸毒者和性工作者中艾滋病毒的社会流行病学的理解，2）在传染病的计算模型中学习一种新方法论，以及3）3）促进我成为加利福尼亚州加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥大学的一名有效的NIH独立研究员的过渡。培训目标将通过特定的研讨会和课程，动手研究项目以及由由培训委员会组成的一对一指导来实现，该培训委员会由HIV-交易网络，计算建模，GIS和地理空间分析以及HIV社会流行病学研究的专家组成。这项研究将通过对HIV/STI传播的计算建模进行多学科研究来完成，以构建，验证和校准计算机模拟模型，以反映个人行为与环境对HIV/STI的影响之间的复杂相互依赖性。该项目将利用现有的NIH/NIDA资助的R01，DA028692-01（“在墨西哥/美国边境上发展的HIV/STI风险环境（FSTS）”又名Proyecto Mapa de Salud，Pi Kimberly Brouwer），以依靠该投资和专业的专业来依靠该项目。美国/墨西哥边境正在经历迅速发展的艾滋病毒流行病，集中在吸毒者和FSW等高风险群体中。计算建模通常用于疾病流行病学，医疗保健能力和急诊护理中的患者流动以捕获系统的复杂行为，但在与健康相关的行为和社会科学研究中采用的较慢。计算建模提供了独特的机会，通过检查个人在环境中互动并反过来依次，以解决HIV/STI风险的休闲机制 环境塑造与风险相关的行为。拟议的研究将使我能够在计算建模中运用新获得的技能，以开发对艾滋病毒/STI传播的稳健模拟，因为我们改变了风险的背景，包括在行为，社会，身体和地理位置上衡量的因素。该模型将通过在蒂华纳的特别高风险人群中取样的现有数据进行验证和校准，在该数据中，参加性工作的妇女的艾滋病毒患病率为21％。这项研究的结果将增强科学理解，即哪种环境决定因素会影响艾滋病毒/STI传播的人群水平，并可能对用于做出政策决策和公共卫生干预措施的证据类型具有重大影响。此外，在计算建模方面发展技能将使我成为拥有此类技能的药物滥用领域的少数数量方法论研究人员之一，而在加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校全球公共卫生部门中唯一的一项。 公共卫生相关性：美国/墨西哥边界是弱势群体（例如吸毒者和女性性工作者）中不断发展的艾滋病毒流行的家园，但社会流行病学研究很少，通过建模这些因素之间的双向关系来解决个人行为和环境影响之间复杂相互依存的作用。拟议研究的结果将增强对影响艾滋病毒/STI传播人群级别的环境决定因素的科学理解，并可能对用于做出政策决策和公共卫生干预措施的证据类型产生重大影响。在艾滋病毒/STI传播的计算建模方面的进一步发展技能将独特地将候选人定位为具有此类技能的药物滥用领域中仅有的少数定量方法论研究人员之一，并且是加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥大学全球公共卫生部门唯一的一项。