Food Environment, Diet Quality and Disparities in Obesity

食品环境、饮食质量和肥胖差异

• 批准号: 8257911
• 负责人: ADAM DREWNOWSKI
• 金额: $ 52.82万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-03-01 至 2015-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8257911
• 关键词: 21 year old; Address; Adult; Affect; Attention; Attitude; Bar Codes; Behavior; Cardiovascular Diseases; Choice Behavior; Chronic Disease; Cohort Studies; County; Data; Data Collection; Databases; Destinations; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Diet Habits; Drops; Economics; Education; Environment; Environmental Impact; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Etiology; Event; Expenditure; Female; Food; Food Access; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; Frequencies; Geography; Goals; Habits; Health; Health Food; Health Status; Health behavior; Health behavior outcomes; Height; Home environment; Household; Income; Individual; Interview; Link; Location; Longitudinal Studies; Low income; Mails; Measures; Medicine; Methods; Metric; Modeling; Movement; Nutrient; Nutrition Assessment; Nutritional; Obesity; Outcome; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Persons; Policies; Positioning Attribute; Poverty Areas; Price; Progress Reports; Psychosocial Factor; Questionnaires; Race; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Resource Sharing; Restaurants; Role; Sampling; Scanning; Scheme; Services; Shapes; Socioeconomic Status; Source; Stress; Subgroup; Surveys; System; Taxes; Telephone; Telephone Interviews; Testing; Time; Travel; Visit; Vulnerable Populations; Weight; Weight Gain; base; cohort; cost; demographics; design; economic impact; ethnic minority population; follow-up; improved; insight; literacy; male; nutrition; obesity risk; policy implication; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; social disparities; statistics; suburb; tool; waist circumference

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The Seattle Obesity Study (S.O.S) seeks to explain why obesity rates are more prevalent among some racial/ethnic minorities, population subgroups of lower education and incomes, and in high-poverty areas. The study will recruit a longitudinal cohort of 400 male and female adults, ages 21-65y, and resident in Seattle-King County and stratified by income and race/ethnicity, using an address-based sampling scheme. Data on food seeking behavior will be collected using a combination of self report and objective measures. At the first in- person interview, participants will complete a behavior survey module on food shopping and dietary habits, estimated food expenditures, nutrition literacy, attitudes towards diet and health, demographics, and health status. Health-related questions will address obesity, diabetes, stress, and cardiovascular disease. Height, weight, and waist circumference will be measured. A GPS receiver with data logging capability will be used to track the participants' movements and to record the time and location of all food-related events for 1 wk. Food store and restaurant receipts, stamped with time and date, will be collected for 4 wks. Foods brought into the home will be scanned with a portable UPC scanner for 4 wks. Three 24-h food recalls will be administered by phone in wks 3 and 4, and food frequency questionnaires will be administered in week 4 of data collection. To be able to establish causality between environmental and dietary variables and health outcomes, the behavior survey module and the food frequency questionnaire will be re-administered during a follow up visit 18 months later and anthropometric measures will be collected for the second time. Data on foods purchased for use at home and foods consumed away from home will be linked to individual-level metrics of the built environment based on tax parcel data. The main aim of the study is to assess the impact of SEP, environmental, and dietary variables on obesity and body weight gain. The hypothesis is that low dietary quality and low diet cost will be associated with prevalent obesity and will predict 18 mo. weight gain, adjusting for SEP. This model will be built on data collected and validated under Aims 2 and 3. The second aim will be to assess how access to food sources (both physical and economic), retail outlet choice, and food purchases impact diet quality across SEP strata. The hypothesis is that diet quality will be influenced strongly by price and other economic variables than by proximity to food sources. The third aim will be to validate self-reported data on food acquisition and expenditures against objective measures of individual behavior in space and time. The hypothesis is that objective measures of food purchase behaviors based on GPS logs, food store and restaurant receipts, and UPC scanner data will provide new insights into the energy and nutrient content of foods that are acquired at different locations. Study results have the potential of informing local and national policies on improving retail access to affordable healthy foods by vulnerable groups. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: A better understanding of factors that may explain social disparities in diet quality and chronic diseases is critical. The proposed longitudinal study seeks to explain the role of built environment, economics, psychosocial factors, SEP and demographics on food seeking behaviors, diet quality, obesity and body weight gain. This interdisciplinary project on the built environment, behavior and health brings together experts from nutrition, geography, epidemiology, medicine, statistics and urban design.

描述（由申请人提供）：西雅图肥胖研究（S.O.S）试图解释为什么肥胖率在某些种族/族裔少数群体，较低教育和收入的人口亚组中更为普遍，以及在高贫困地区。该研究将招募400名男性和女性成年人的纵向队列，年龄在21-65岁，居住在西雅图 - 金县，并使用基于地址的抽样方案按收入和种族/种族进行分层。寻求食物行为的数据将使用自我报告和客观措施的组合收集。在首次人事访谈中，参与者将完成有关食品购物和饮食习惯，估计食品支出，营养素养，对饮食和健康，人口统计学和健康状况的态度的行为调查模块。与健康有关的问题将解决肥胖，糖尿病，压力和心血管疾病。将测量身高，体重和腰围。具有数据记录能力的GPS接收器将用于跟踪参与者的运动，并记录1周的所有与食物有关的事件的时间和位置。食品商店和餐厅收据，上面刻有时间和日期，收集4周。带入家中的食物将被便携式UPC扫描仪扫描4周。 WKS 3和4的电话将通过电话进行三个24小时的食物召回，并且在数据收集第4周将对食物频率问卷进行管理。为了能够在环境变量和饮食变量和健康结果之间建立因果关系，行为调查模块和食品频率问卷将在18个月后的随访期间重新管理，并第二次收集人体测量指标。有关在家中购买的食物和外面食用的食物的数据将与基于税收包数据的建筑环境的个体指标有关。该研究的主要目的是评估SEP，环境和饮食变量对肥胖和体重增加的影响。假设是，低饮食质量和低饮食成本将与普遍的肥胖有关，并预测18个月。体重增加，调整SEP。该模型将建立在AIM 2和3下收集和验证的数据上。第二个目标是评估如何获得食品来源（物理和经济），零售店的选择以及食品购买会影响整个SEP阶层的饮食质量。假设是，饮食质量将受到价格和其他经济变量的强烈影响，而不是靠近食物来源。第三个目的是验证有关食物获取和支出的自我报告数据，以实现时空行为的客观度量。假设是，基于GPS日志，食品商店和餐厅收据的食品购买行为的客观度量以及UPC扫描仪数据将提供有关在不同地点获得食品的能源和营养含量的新见解。研究结果有可能告知本地和国家政策，以改善弱势群体对负担得起的健康食品的访问。 公共卫生相关性：更好地理解可能解释饮食质量和慢性疾病社会差异的因素至关重要。拟议的纵向研究旨在解释建筑环境，经济学，社会心理因素，SEP和人口统计学对寻求粮食行为，饮食质量，肥胖和体重增加的作用。这个关于建筑环境，行为和健康的跨学科项目汇集了营养，地理，流行病学，医学，统计和城市设计的专家。