Acoustic cues in auditory pattern analysis

听觉模式分析中的声学线索

• 批准号: 8106747
• 负责人: Emily Buss
• 金额: $ 25.16万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-12-15 至 2016-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8106747
• 关键词: Acoustics; Affect; Auditory; Clinical; Cochlear Implants; Code; Cues; Data; Detection; Discrimination; Frequencies; Future; Goals; Hearing; Hearing Aids; Implant; Literature; Masks; Methods; Noise; Outcome; Pattern; Perception; Play; Population; Process; Psychoacoustics; Psychophysiology; Research; Resolution; Role; Science; Sensorineural Hearing Loss; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Speech; Speech Perception; Stimulus; Structure; Technology; Testing; Time; Work; base; clinically relevant; design; improved; innovation; insight; interest; novel; preconditioning; research study; sound; speech recognition

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overarching goal of this proposal is to identify and characterize the auditory processes that limit detection and discrimination of spectral cues for stimuli that vary in level, including both normal- hearing and hearing-impaired listeners. Aim 1 examines the effect of stimulus level fluctuation on spectral shape discrimination using the psychoacoustic paradigm of profile analysis. Level rove is often introduced in psychophysical tests of spectral shape discrimination in order to limit the use of absolute level cues, but preliminary data indicate that this manipulation has greater effect above than below 1 kHz. Such a result would have important implications for what we think we know about sensitivity for spectral shape. Aim 2 concerns the relationship between profile analysis and vowel perception, including potential effects of level fluctuation on vowel discrimination. Experiments in this aim will clarify the association between these two paradigms, often assumed to be closely related, and the extent to which psychophysical data on spectral shape discrimination inform our understanding of speech perception. Aim 3 explores the role of temporal fine-structure in masked speech perception, with emphasis on speech recognition in fluctuating noise. Whereas recent studies in the literature provide support for the idea that temporal fine-structure plays a key role in hearing in modulated noise, the proposed experiments introduce control conditions and test plausible alternative hypotheses that have not yet been rigorously evaluated. This issue is particularly pertinent given recent interest in developing cochlear implant technology that preserves fine timing cues. Aim 4 develops novel cuing paradigms that have the potential to provide new insights about our ability to extract signals from fluctuating backgrounds. One goal of this approach is to develop a greater understanding of the preconditions necessary for observing masking release. It is anticipated that the work proposed in these four aims will clarify the role of random level fluctuation in the processing of spectral cues present in natural sounds, such as those underlying speech recognition in background noise. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Level fluctuation can have a marked effect on auditory processing, degrading sensitivity in some conditions and improving it in others. The overarching goal of this proposal is to identify and characterize the auditory processes that limit detection and discrimination of stimuli that vary in level for normal-hearing, hearing-impaired, and cochlear-implanted listeners. Parallel experiments in psychoacoustics and speech perception paradigms are expected to result in greater understanding of basic auditory processes and as well as clinically relevant findings.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案的总体目标是识别和表征限制对刺激频谱提示的检测和歧视的听觉过程，这些刺激的频谱提示在水平上有所不同，包括正常听力和听力受损的听众。 AIM 1使用精神声学范式检查了刺激水平波动对光谱形状歧视的影响。通常在频谱形状歧视的心理物理测试中引入水平ROVE，以限制绝对水平提示的使用，但初步数据表明，这种操作的效果高于低于1 kHz。这样的结果将对我们认为对光谱形状的敏感性的了解具有重要意义。 AIM 2涉及轮廓分析与元音感知之间的关系，包括水平波动对元音歧视的潜在影响。此目标的实验将阐明这两个范式之间的关联，通常被认为是密切相关的，以及在光谱形状歧视上的心理物理数据在多大程度上为我们对语音感知的理解提供了理解。 AIM 3探讨了时间精细结构在掩盖语音感知中的作用，重点是噪音波动中的语音识别。尽管文献中的最新研究为时间精细结构在调制噪声中起着关键作用的想法提供了支持，但拟议的实验介绍了控制条件并测试尚未严格评估的合理替代假设。鉴于最近有兴趣开发可保留良好时机提示的人工耳蜗技术的兴趣，这个问题尤其相关。 AIM 4开发了新颖的提示范式，这些范式有可能提供有关我们从波动背景中提取信号的能力的新见解。这种方法的一个目标是对观察掩盖释放所需的前提有更深入的了解。可以预料，这四个目标中提出的工作将阐明随机级别波动在自然声音中存在的光谱提示中的作用，例如背景噪声中潜在的语音识别的作用。 公共卫生相关性：水平波动可能会对听觉处理产生明显影响，在某些情况下降低敏感性并在其他情况下改善它。该提案的总体目标是识别和表征限制刺激的检测和歧视的听觉过程，这些刺激的水平因正常听力，听力障碍和人工耳蜗植入的听众而变化。预计心理声学和语音感知范式中的并行实验将对基本的听觉过程以及临床相关的发现有更多的了解。