THE STRUCTURE OF MITOCHONDRIA IN ROD AND CONE PHOTORECEPTORS

杆状和锥状光感受器中线粒体的结构

• 批准号: 8169596
• 负责人: DONALD A FOX
• 金额: $ 3.83万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-01 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8169596
• 关键词: Action Potentials; Ca(2+)-Transporting ATPase; Cell membrane; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Coupling; Darkness; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Exhibits; Exocytosis; Funding; Goals; Grant; Institution; Kinetics; Metabolic; Mitochondria; Neurons; Photons; Presynaptic Terminals; Production; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Retinal Cone; Source; Structure; United States National Institutes of Health; Variant; Vertebrate Photoreceptors; neurotransmitter release; presynaptic; response; retinal rods; ribbon synapse; spatiotemporal

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The overarching goal of our studies is to develop a comprehensive structural and functional understanding of rod spherule and cone pedicle ribbon synaptic terminals. Vertebrate photoreceptors are nonspiking neurons that maintain sustained depolarization and neurotransmitter release from ribbon synapses in darkness and produce light-dependent graded hyperpolarizing responses. In conventional neurons, Ca2+ enters presynaptic terminals during an action potential and its increased local concentration triggers transient exocytosis. In contrast, vertebrate photoreceptors are nonspiking neurons that maintain sustained depolarization and neurotransmitter release from ribbon synapses in darkness and produce light-dependent graded hyperpolarizing responses. Rods transmit single photon responses with high fidelity, whereas cones are less sensitive and exhibit faster response kinetics. These differences are likely due to variations in presynaptic Ca2+ dynamics. Metabolic coupling and cross-talk between mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA), and Na+-Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) coordinately control presynaptic ATP production and Ca2+ dynamics. The goal of our structural and functional studies is to determine the spatiotemporal regulation of ATP and Ca2+ dynamics in rod spherules and cone pedicles.

该副本是利用众多研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子弹和 调查员（PI）可能已经从其他NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他清晰的条目中代表。列出的机构是 对于中心，这不一定是调查员的机构。 我们研究的总体目标是对杆球形和锥形椎弓根丝带突触终端进行全面的结构和功能理解。脊椎动物光感受器是非上流神经元，可在黑暗中保持持续的去极化和神经递质从色带突触中释放，并产生光依赖性分级超极化反应。在常规神经元中，Ca2+在动作电位期间进入突触前末端，其局部浓度升高会触发瞬时胞吐作用。相比之下，脊椎动物感光体是非尖锐的神经元，可在黑暗中保持持续的去极化和神经递质从色带突触中释放，并产生光依赖性分级超极化反应。杆以高保真性传输单个光子响应，而锥体敏感性较低，并且表现出更快的响应动力学。这些差异可能是由于突触前Ca2+动力学的变化所致。线粒体，内质网（ER），质膜CA2+ ATPase（PMCA）和Na+ -CA2+ Cherfanger（NCX）协同控制突触前ATP产生和CA2+动力学之间的代谢耦合和横词。我们的结构和功能研究的目的是确定杆状杆和锥形椎弓根中ATP和Ca2+动力学的时空调节。