Project 7: Nanoscale Materials in the Environment and their Health

项目7：环境中的纳米材料及其健康

基本信息

批准号：
7936576
负责人：
BRUCE D HAMMOCK
金额：
$ 14.82万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-04-15 至 2015-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7936576
关键词：
Aerosols Affect Aftercare Age Aging Airborne Particulate Matter Antioxidants Area Artificial nanoparticles Biological Assay Biosensor Cell Culture Techniques Cell membrane Cells Complex Mixtures Copper Data Dioxins Dyes Endocytosis Endothelial Cells Environment Epithelial Epithelial Cells Exposure to Flame Retardants Furans Generations Hazardous Substances Health High Pressure Liquid Chromatography Human Hydrogen Peroxide Hydroxyl Radical Image In Vitro Individual Industry Inflammatory Response Iron Laboratories Lanthanoid Series Elements Lasers Light Liquid substance Location Lung Magnetism Measures Metals Methods Microscope Modeling Nanotechnology Oxidative Stress Oxides Ozone Particulate Particulate Matter Physical condensation Printing Process Property Proteins Reaction Reactive Oxygen Species Relative (related person)Sampling Scanning Signal Transduction Silicon Dioxide Simulate Source Superfund Surface System Techniques Technology Testing Toxic effect Training Transition Elements Up-Regulation Work Yttrium Zinc ambient particle cytokine design environmental toxicology ground water metal oxide nanomaterials nanoparticle nanoscale novel particle particle exposure phenyl ether programs remediation stable isotope superfund site surfactant uptake vapor

项目摘要

Remediation of Superfund sites can release nanoscale particles into the environment, along with hazardous vapors. The health effects of these complex mixtures and materials, especially emerging materials produced by the nanotechnology industry, are not sufficiently well understood. It has been hypothesized that the adverse health effects due to exposure to environmental particles (e.g., airborne particulate matter) is, at least in part, due to generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), but more data are needed to test this mechanism. This project focuses on 3 main areas: (I) using a laboratory combustion system to create complex mixtures of toxic by-products emitted from thermal processing of materials that contain brominated flame retardants; (II) characterizing the generation of reactive oxygen species from nanoscale materials in the environment; and (III) making use of nanotechnology to answer questions that have arisen in earlier studies of nanoparticle toxicity. In the first aim, this project will construct a small, laboratory-scale system to simulate the thermal processing of materials containing brominated flame retardants; the gaseous and particulate by-products of this process will be examined by other projects in this proposal using bioassays for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and brominated dioxins and furans. In the second aim we will quantitatively measure two of the most important ROS - hydroxyl radical (OH) and hydrogen peroxide (H{2}O{2}) - formed by nanoparticles in a cell-free surrogate lung fluid and, later, in cell cultures. We will also examine how simulated atmospheric reactions alter the ability of nanoparticles to form ROS. In the third aim of this project we will synthesize a range of novel, multi-functional nanoparticles in order to study several questions related to nanomaterial toxicity, in part in conjunction with other projects in the UC Davis Superfund Program.

超级基金站点的修复可以将纳米级颗粒与危险蒸气一起释放到环境中。这些复杂的混合物和材料的健康影响，尤其是纳米技术行业产生的新兴材料，对这些材料的了解不足。据推测，由于暴露于环境颗粒（例如空气颗粒物质）而产生的不良健康影响至少部分是由于活性氧（ROS）的产生，但是需要更多数据来测试这种机制。该项目侧重于3个主要领域：（i）使用实验室燃烧系统来创建复杂的有毒副产品混合物，这些副产品是由含有溴化阻燃剂的材料的热处理发出的；（ii）表征环境中纳米级材料的活性氧的产生；（iii）利用纳米技术来回答纳米粒子毒性早期研究中出现的问题。在第一个目标中，该项目将构建一个小型实验室规模系统，以模拟含有溴化火焰阻燃剂的材料的热处理；该提案中的其他项目将检查该过程的气态和颗粒物副产品，使用多溴二苯基醚（PBDES）以及溴化二恶英和弗兰斯的生物测定。在第二个目的中，我们将定量测量最重要的ROS - 羟基自由基（OH）和过氧化氢（H {2} O {2}） - 由纳米颗粒在无细胞的替代肺液中形成，后来在细胞培养物中。我们还将研究模拟大气反应如何改变纳米颗粒形成的能力罗斯。在该项目的第三个目标中，我们将综合一系列新型的多功能纳米颗粒，以研究与纳米材料毒性有关的几个问题，部分与UC Davis Superfund计划中的其他项目一起。